A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism

Abstract The Antikythera Mechanism, an ancient Greek astronomical calculator, has challenged researchers since its discovery in 1901. Now split into 82 fragments, only a third of the original survives, including 30 corroded bronze gearwheels. Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) in 2005 d...

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Autores principales:	Tony Freeth, David Higgon, Aris Dacanalis, Lindsay MacDonald, Myrto Georgakopoulou, Adam Wojcik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fc10ccf9391e478abc554f287fe5d7e4
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:fc10ccf9391e478abc554f287fe5d7e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fc10ccf9391e478abc554f287fe5d7e42021-12-02T15:52:30ZA Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism10.1038/s41598-021-84310-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fc10ccf9391e478abc554f287fe5d7e42021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84310-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The Antikythera Mechanism, an ancient Greek astronomical calculator, has challenged researchers since its discovery in 1901. Now split into 82 fragments, only a third of the original survives, including 30 corroded bronze gearwheels. Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) in 2005 decoded the structure of the rear of the machine but the front remained largely unresolved. X-ray CT also revealed inscriptions describing the motions of the Sun, Moon and all five planets known in antiquity and how they were displayed at the front as an ancient Greek Cosmos. Inscriptions specifying complex planetary periods forced new thinking on the mechanization of this Cosmos, but no previous reconstruction has come close to matching the data. Our discoveries lead to a new model, satisfying and explaining the evidence. Solving this complex 3D puzzle reveals a creation of genius—combining cycles from Babylonian astronomy, mathematics from Plato’s Academy and ancient Greek astronomical theories.Tony FreethDavid HiggonAris DacanalisLindsay MacDonaldMyrto GeorgakopoulouAdam WojcikNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tony Freeth David Higgon Aris Dacanalis Lindsay MacDonald Myrto Georgakopoulou Adam Wojcik A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
description	Abstract The Antikythera Mechanism, an ancient Greek astronomical calculator, has challenged researchers since its discovery in 1901. Now split into 82 fragments, only a third of the original survives, including 30 corroded bronze gearwheels. Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) in 2005 decoded the structure of the rear of the machine but the front remained largely unresolved. X-ray CT also revealed inscriptions describing the motions of the Sun, Moon and all five planets known in antiquity and how they were displayed at the front as an ancient Greek Cosmos. Inscriptions specifying complex planetary periods forced new thinking on the mechanization of this Cosmos, but no previous reconstruction has come close to matching the data. Our discoveries lead to a new model, satisfying and explaining the evidence. Solving this complex 3D puzzle reveals a creation of genius—combining cycles from Babylonian astronomy, mathematics from Plato’s Academy and ancient Greek astronomical theories.
format	article
author	Tony Freeth David Higgon Aris Dacanalis Lindsay MacDonald Myrto Georgakopoulou Adam Wojcik
author_facet	Tony Freeth David Higgon Aris Dacanalis Lindsay MacDonald Myrto Georgakopoulou Adam Wojcik
author_sort	Tony Freeth
title	A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
title_short	A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
title_full	A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
title_fullStr	A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
title_full_unstemmed	A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism
title_sort	model of the cosmos in the ancient greek antikythera mechanism
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fc10ccf9391e478abc554f287fe5d7e4
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A Model of the Cosmos in the ancient Greek Antikythera Mechanism

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