Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser

The color of transformer oil can be one of the first indicators determining the quality of the transformer oil and the condition of the power transformer. The current method of determining the color index (CI) of transformer oil utilizes a color comparator based on the American Society for Testing a...

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Autores principales:	Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi, Pin Jern Ker, Hui Jing Lee, Yang Sing Leong, Mahammad A. Hannan, Md. Zaini Jamaludin, Mohd Adzir Mahdi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ASTM D1500 color insulating oil power transformers single wavelength transformer oil Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fc1b273add5145469813b5e076a2301e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fc1b273add5145469813b5e076a2301e2021-11-11T19:15:00ZColor Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser10.3390/s212172921424-8220https://doaj.org/article/fc1b273add5145469813b5e076a2301e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7292https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220The color of transformer oil can be one of the first indicators determining the quality of the transformer oil and the condition of the power transformer. The current method of determining the color index (CI) of transformer oil utilizes a color comparator based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D1500 standard, which requires a human observer, leading to human error and a limited number of samples tested per day. This paper reports on the utilization of ultra violet-blue laser at 405- and 450-nm wavelengths to measure the CI of transformer oil. In total, 20 transformer oil samples with CI ranging from 0.5 to 7.5 were measured at optical pathlengths of 10 and 1 mm. A linear regression model was developed to determine the color index of the transformer oil. The equation was validated and verified by measuring the output power of a new batch of transformer oil samples. Data obtained from the measurements were able to quantify the CI accurately with root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 0.2229 for 405 nm and 0.4129 for 450 nm. This approach shows the commercialization potential of a low-cost portable device that can be used on-site for the monitoring of power transformers.Muhamad Haziq Hasnul HadiPin Jern KerHui Jing LeeYang Sing LeongMahammad A. HannanMd. Zaini JamaludinMohd Adzir MahdiMDPI AGarticleASTM D1500colorinsulating oilpower transformerssingle wavelengthtransformer oilChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7292, p 7292 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ASTM D1500 color insulating oil power transformers single wavelength transformer oil Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	ASTM D1500 color insulating oil power transformers single wavelength transformer oil Chemical technology TP1-1185 Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi Pin Jern Ker Hui Jing Lee Yang Sing Leong Mahammad A. Hannan Md. Zaini Jamaludin Mohd Adzir Mahdi Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
description	The color of transformer oil can be one of the first indicators determining the quality of the transformer oil and the condition of the power transformer. The current method of determining the color index (CI) of transformer oil utilizes a color comparator based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D1500 standard, which requires a human observer, leading to human error and a limited number of samples tested per day. This paper reports on the utilization of ultra violet-blue laser at 405- and 450-nm wavelengths to measure the CI of transformer oil. In total, 20 transformer oil samples with CI ranging from 0.5 to 7.5 were measured at optical pathlengths of 10 and 1 mm. A linear regression model was developed to determine the color index of the transformer oil. The equation was validated and verified by measuring the output power of a new batch of transformer oil samples. Data obtained from the measurements were able to quantify the CI accurately with root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 0.2229 for 405 nm and 0.4129 for 450 nm. This approach shows the commercialization potential of a low-cost portable device that can be used on-site for the monitoring of power transformers.
format	article
author	Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi Pin Jern Ker Hui Jing Lee Yang Sing Leong Mahammad A. Hannan Md. Zaini Jamaludin Mohd Adzir Mahdi
author_facet	Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi Pin Jern Ker Hui Jing Lee Yang Sing Leong Mahammad A. Hannan Md. Zaini Jamaludin Mohd Adzir Mahdi
author_sort	Muhamad Haziq Hasnul Hadi
title	Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
title_short	Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
title_full	Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
title_fullStr	Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
title_full_unstemmed	Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser
title_sort	color index of transformer oil: a low-cost measurement approach using ultraviolet-blue laser
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fc1b273add5145469813b5e076a2301e
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhamadhaziqhasnulhadi colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT pinjernker colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT huijinglee colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT yangsingleong colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT mahammadahannan colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT mdzainijamaludin colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser AT mohdadzirmahdi colorindexoftransformeroilalowcostmeasurementapproachusingultravioletbluelaser
_version_	1718431623353991168

Color Index of Transformer Oil: A Low-Cost Measurement Approach Using Ultraviolet-Blue Laser

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