Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

Abstract We solve problems by applying previously learned rules. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a pivotal role in automating this process of rule induction. Despite its usual efficiency, this process fails when we encounter new problems in which past experience leads to a mental ru...

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Autores principales:	Caroline Di Bernardi Luft, Ioanna Zioga, Michael J. Banissy, Joydeep Bhattacharya
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fc1eb273a02d4a958955a50868dbb008
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fc1eb273a02d4a958955a50868dbb0082021-12-02T16:06:39ZRelaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex10.1038/s41598-017-03022-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fc1eb273a02d4a958955a50868dbb0082017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03022-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We solve problems by applying previously learned rules. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a pivotal role in automating this process of rule induction. Despite its usual efficiency, this process fails when we encounter new problems in which past experience leads to a mental rut. Learned rules could therefore act as constraints which need to be removed in order to change the problem representation for producing the solution. We investigated the possibility of suppressing the DLPFC by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to facilitate such representational change. Participants solved matchstick arithmetic problems before and after receiving cathodal, anodal or sham tDCS to the left DLPFC. Participants who received cathodal tDCS were more likely to solve the problems that require the maximal relaxation of previously learned constraints than the participants who received anodal or sham tDCS. We conclude that cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC might facilitate the relaxation of learned constraints, leading to a successful representational change.Caroline Di Bernardi LuftIoanna ZiogaMichael J. BanissyJoydeep BhattacharyaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Caroline Di Bernardi Luft Ioanna Zioga Michael J. Banissy Joydeep Bhattacharya Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
description	Abstract We solve problems by applying previously learned rules. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) plays a pivotal role in automating this process of rule induction. Despite its usual efficiency, this process fails when we encounter new problems in which past experience leads to a mental rut. Learned rules could therefore act as constraints which need to be removed in order to change the problem representation for producing the solution. We investigated the possibility of suppressing the DLPFC by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to facilitate such representational change. Participants solved matchstick arithmetic problems before and after receiving cathodal, anodal or sham tDCS to the left DLPFC. Participants who received cathodal tDCS were more likely to solve the problems that require the maximal relaxation of previously learned constraints than the participants who received anodal or sham tDCS. We conclude that cathodal tDCS over the left DLPFC might facilitate the relaxation of learned constraints, leading to a successful representational change.
format	article
author	Caroline Di Bernardi Luft Ioanna Zioga Michael J. Banissy Joydeep Bhattacharya
author_facet	Caroline Di Bernardi Luft Ioanna Zioga Michael J. Banissy Joydeep Bhattacharya
author_sort	Caroline Di Bernardi Luft
title	Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_short	Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_full	Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_fullStr	Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_full_unstemmed	Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
title_sort	relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tdcs on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/fc1eb273a02d4a958955a50868dbb008
work_keys_str_mv	AT carolinedibernardiluft relaxinglearnedconstraintsthroughcathodaltdcsontheleftdorsolateralprefrontalcortex AT ioannazioga relaxinglearnedconstraintsthroughcathodaltdcsontheleftdorsolateralprefrontalcortex AT michaeljbanissy relaxinglearnedconstraintsthroughcathodaltdcsontheleftdorsolateralprefrontalcortex AT joydeepbhattacharya relaxinglearnedconstraintsthroughcathodaltdcsontheleftdorsolateralprefrontalcortex
_version_	1718384942526758912

Relaxing learned constraints through cathodal tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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