Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor

ABSTRACT It is becoming clear that the bacterial flagellar motor output is important not only for bacterial locomotion but also for mediating the transition from liquid to surface living. The output of the flagellar motor changes with the mechanical load placed on it by the external environment: at...

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Autores principales:	Murray J. Tipping, Nicolas J. Delalez, Ren Lim, Richard M. Berry, Judith P. Armitage
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2013
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fc581c2868374af8b8a8041ce1cb0e12
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fc581c2868374af8b8a8041ce1cb0e122021-11-15T15:43:08ZLoad-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor10.1128/mBio.00551-132150-7511https://doaj.org/article/fc581c2868374af8b8a8041ce1cb0e122013-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00551-13https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT It is becoming clear that the bacterial flagellar motor output is important not only for bacterial locomotion but also for mediating the transition from liquid to surface living. The output of the flagellar motor changes with the mechanical load placed on it by the external environment: at a higher load, the motor runs more slowly and produces higher torque. Here we show that the number of torque-generating units bound to the flagellar motor also depends on the external mechanical load, with fewer stators at lower loads. Stalled motors contained at least as many stators as rotating motors at high load, indicating that rotation is unnecessary for stator binding. Mutant stators incapable of generating torque could not be detected around the motor. We speculate that a component of the bacterial flagellar motor senses external load and mediates the strength of stator binding to the rest of the motor. IMPORTANCE The transition between liquid living and surface living is important in the life cycles of many bacteria. In this paper, we describe how the flagellar motor, used by bacteria for locomotion through liquid media and across solid surfaces, is capable of adjusting the number of bound stator units to better suit the external load conditions. By stalling motors using external magnetic fields, we also show that rotation is not required for maintenance of stators around the motor; instead, torque production is the essential factor for motor stability. These new results, in addition to previous data, lead us to hypothesize that the motor stators function as mechanosensors as well as functioning as torque-generating units.Murray J. TippingNicolas J. DelalezRen LimRichard M. BerryJudith P. ArmitageAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 4, Iss 4 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 Murray J. Tipping Nicolas J. Delalez Ren Lim Richard M. Berry Judith P. Armitage Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
description	ABSTRACT It is becoming clear that the bacterial flagellar motor output is important not only for bacterial locomotion but also for mediating the transition from liquid to surface living. The output of the flagellar motor changes with the mechanical load placed on it by the external environment: at a higher load, the motor runs more slowly and produces higher torque. Here we show that the number of torque-generating units bound to the flagellar motor also depends on the external mechanical load, with fewer stators at lower loads. Stalled motors contained at least as many stators as rotating motors at high load, indicating that rotation is unnecessary for stator binding. Mutant stators incapable of generating torque could not be detected around the motor. We speculate that a component of the bacterial flagellar motor senses external load and mediates the strength of stator binding to the rest of the motor. IMPORTANCE The transition between liquid living and surface living is important in the life cycles of many bacteria. In this paper, we describe how the flagellar motor, used by bacteria for locomotion through liquid media and across solid surfaces, is capable of adjusting the number of bound stator units to better suit the external load conditions. By stalling motors using external magnetic fields, we also show that rotation is not required for maintenance of stators around the motor; instead, torque production is the essential factor for motor stability. These new results, in addition to previous data, lead us to hypothesize that the motor stators function as mechanosensors as well as functioning as torque-generating units.
format	article
author	Murray J. Tipping Nicolas J. Delalez Ren Lim Richard M. Berry Judith P. Armitage
author_facet	Murray J. Tipping Nicolas J. Delalez Ren Lim Richard M. Berry Judith P. Armitage
author_sort	Murray J. Tipping
title	Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
title_short	Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
title_full	Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
title_fullStr	Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
title_full_unstemmed	Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor
title_sort	load-dependent assembly of the bacterial flagellar motor
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/fc581c2868374af8b8a8041ce1cb0e12
work_keys_str_mv	AT murrayjtipping loaddependentassemblyofthebacterialflagellarmotor AT nicolasjdelalez loaddependentassemblyofthebacterialflagellarmotor AT renlim loaddependentassemblyofthebacterialflagellarmotor AT richardmberry loaddependentassemblyofthebacterialflagellarmotor AT judithparmitage loaddependentassemblyofthebacterialflagellarmotor
_version_	1718427622014189568

Load-Dependent Assembly of the Bacterial Flagellar Motor

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