Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes

Abstract Due to their long-term colonization of and widespread distribution in plateau environments, yaks can serve as an ideal natural animal model for the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Some studies reported that the lung and heart are two key organs that show adapt...

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Autores principales:	Qianyun Ge, Yongbo Guo, Wangshan Zheng, Shengguo Zhao, Yuan Cai, Xuebin Qi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fc5da0da7dde43e6b7409755fdf6add2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fc5da0da7dde43e6b7409755fdf6add22021-12-02T14:37:21ZMolecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes10.1038/s41598-021-87420-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fc5da0da7dde43e6b7409755fdf6add22021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87420-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Due to their long-term colonization of and widespread distribution in plateau environments, yaks can serve as an ideal natural animal model for the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Some studies reported that the lung and heart are two key organs that show adaptive transcriptional changes in response to high altitudes, and most of the genes that show differential expression in lung tissue across different altitudes display nonlinear regulation. To explore the molecular mechanisms that are activated in yak lung tissue in response to hypoxia, the mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs of lung tissue from 9 yaks living at three different altitudes (3400 m, 4200 m and 5000 m), with three repetitions per altitude, were sequenced. Two Zaosheng cattle from 1500 m were selected as low-altitude control. A total of 21,764 mRNAs, 14,168 lncRNAs and 1209 miRNAs (305 known and 904 novel miRNAs) were identified. In a comparison of yaks and cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 3326 lncRNAs and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed. A total of 756 mRNAs, 346 lncRNAs and 83 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among yaks living at three different altitudes (fold change ≥ 2 and P-value < 0.05). The differentially expressed genes between yaks and cattle were functionally enriched in long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and protein processing, while the differentially expressed genes among yaks living at three different altitudes were enriched in immune response and the cell cycle. Furthermore, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were investigated to illustrate the roles of ceRNAs in this process, the result was also support the GO and KEGG analysis. The present research provides important genomic insights for discovering the mechanisms that are activated in response to hypoxia in yak lung tissue.Qianyun GeYongbo GuoWangshan ZhengShengguo ZhaoYuan CaiXuebin QiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Qianyun Ge Yongbo Guo Wangshan Zheng Shengguo Zhao Yuan Cai Xuebin Qi Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
description	Abstract Due to their long-term colonization of and widespread distribution in plateau environments, yaks can serve as an ideal natural animal model for the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Some studies reported that the lung and heart are two key organs that show adaptive transcriptional changes in response to high altitudes, and most of the genes that show differential expression in lung tissue across different altitudes display nonlinear regulation. To explore the molecular mechanisms that are activated in yak lung tissue in response to hypoxia, the mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs of lung tissue from 9 yaks living at three different altitudes (3400 m, 4200 m and 5000 m), with three repetitions per altitude, were sequenced. Two Zaosheng cattle from 1500 m were selected as low-altitude control. A total of 21,764 mRNAs, 14,168 lncRNAs and 1209 miRNAs (305 known and 904 novel miRNAs) were identified. In a comparison of yaks and cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 3326 lncRNAs and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed. A total of 756 mRNAs, 346 lncRNAs and 83 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among yaks living at three different altitudes (fold change ≥ 2 and P-value < 0.05). The differentially expressed genes between yaks and cattle were functionally enriched in long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and protein processing, while the differentially expressed genes among yaks living at three different altitudes were enriched in immune response and the cell cycle. Furthermore, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were investigated to illustrate the roles of ceRNAs in this process, the result was also support the GO and KEGG analysis. The present research provides important genomic insights for discovering the mechanisms that are activated in response to hypoxia in yak lung tissue.
format	article
author	Qianyun Ge Yongbo Guo Wangshan Zheng Shengguo Zhao Yuan Cai Xuebin Qi
author_facet	Qianyun Ge Yongbo Guo Wangshan Zheng Shengguo Zhao Yuan Cai Xuebin Qi
author_sort	Qianyun Ge
title	Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
title_short	Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
title_full	Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
title_fullStr	Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
title_sort	molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fc5da0da7dde43e6b7409755fdf6add2
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Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes

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