Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass

Abstract In European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), as in many other fish species, temperature is known to influence the sex of individuals, with more males produced at relatively high temperatures. It is however unclear to what extent growth or stress are involved in such a process, since tempera...

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Autores principales: Benjamin Geffroy, Manuel Gesto, Fréderic Clota, Johan Aerts, Maria J. Darias, Marie-Odile Blanc, François Ruelle, François Allal, Marc Vandeputte
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Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/fc95911d6cf9410c82612a16bb134899
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:fc95911d6cf9410c82612a16bb1348992021-12-02T16:31:57ZParental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass10.1038/s41598-021-93116-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fc95911d6cf9410c82612a16bb1348992021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93116-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), as in many other fish species, temperature is known to influence the sex of individuals, with more males produced at relatively high temperatures. It is however unclear to what extent growth or stress are involved in such a process, since temperature is known to influence both growth rate and cortisol production. Here, we designed an experiment aiming at reducing stress and affecting early growth rate. We exposed larvae and juveniles originating from both captive and wild parents to three different treatments: low stocking density, food supplemented with tryptophan and a control. Low stocking density and tryptophan treatment respectively increased and decreased early growth rate. Each treatment influenced the stress response depending on the developmental stage, although no clear pattern regarding the whole-body cortisol concentration was found. During sex differentiation, fish in the low-density treatment exhibited lower expression of gr1, gr2, mr, and crf in the hypothalamus when compared to the control group. Fish fed tryptophan displayed lower crf in the hypothalamus and higher level of serotonin in the telencephalon compared to controls. Overall, fish kept at low density produced significantly more females than both control and fish fed tryptophan. Parents that have been selected for growth for three generations also produced significantly more females than parents of wild origin. Our findings did not allow to detect a clear effect of stress at the group level and rather point out a key role of early sexually dimorphic growth rate in sex determination.Benjamin GeffroyManuel GestoFréderic ClotaJohan AertsMaria J. DariasMarie-Odile BlancFrançois RuelleFrançois AllalMarc VandeputteNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Benjamin Geffroy
Manuel Gesto
Fréderic Clota
Johan Aerts
Maria J. Darias
Marie-Odile Blanc
François Ruelle
François Allal
Marc Vandeputte
Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
description Abstract In European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), as in many other fish species, temperature is known to influence the sex of individuals, with more males produced at relatively high temperatures. It is however unclear to what extent growth or stress are involved in such a process, since temperature is known to influence both growth rate and cortisol production. Here, we designed an experiment aiming at reducing stress and affecting early growth rate. We exposed larvae and juveniles originating from both captive and wild parents to three different treatments: low stocking density, food supplemented with tryptophan and a control. Low stocking density and tryptophan treatment respectively increased and decreased early growth rate. Each treatment influenced the stress response depending on the developmental stage, although no clear pattern regarding the whole-body cortisol concentration was found. During sex differentiation, fish in the low-density treatment exhibited lower expression of gr1, gr2, mr, and crf in the hypothalamus when compared to the control group. Fish fed tryptophan displayed lower crf in the hypothalamus and higher level of serotonin in the telencephalon compared to controls. Overall, fish kept at low density produced significantly more females than both control and fish fed tryptophan. Parents that have been selected for growth for three generations also produced significantly more females than parents of wild origin. Our findings did not allow to detect a clear effect of stress at the group level and rather point out a key role of early sexually dimorphic growth rate in sex determination.
format article
author Benjamin Geffroy
Manuel Gesto
Fréderic Clota
Johan Aerts
Maria J. Darias
Marie-Odile Blanc
François Ruelle
François Allal
Marc Vandeputte
author_facet Benjamin Geffroy
Manuel Gesto
Fréderic Clota
Johan Aerts
Maria J. Darias
Marie-Odile Blanc
François Ruelle
François Allal
Marc Vandeputte
author_sort Benjamin Geffroy
title Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
title_short Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
title_full Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
title_fullStr Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
title_full_unstemmed Parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in European sea bass
title_sort parental selection for growth and early-life low stocking density increase the female-to-male ratio in european sea bass
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/fc95911d6cf9410c82612a16bb134899
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