The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells
Ya-Na Wu,1 Ping-Ching Wu,1 Li-Xing Yang,1 Kyle R Ratinac,2 Pall Thordarson,4 Kristina A Jahn,2 Dong-Hwang Chen,3 Dar-Bin Shieh,1,5,6 Filip Braet2,7 1Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan; 2Australian Cen...
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Dove Medical Press
2013
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oai:doaj.org-article:fca472cbae284b67ad86d73464e87ba02021-12-02T01:07:59ZThe anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/fca472cbae284b67ad86d73464e87ba02013-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/the-anticancer-properties-of-iron-corendashgold-shell-nanoparticles-in-a14231https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Ya-Na Wu,1 Ping-Ching Wu,1 Li-Xing Yang,1 Kyle R Ratinac,2 Pall Thordarson,4 Kristina A Jahn,2 Dong-Hwang Chen,3 Dar-Bin Shieh,1,5,6 Filip Braet2,7 1Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan; 2Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 3Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 4School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 5Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 6Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 7School of Medical Sciences (Discipline of Anatomy and Histology), The Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: Previously, iron core–gold shell nanoparticles (Fe@Au) have been shown to possess cancer-preferential cytotoxicity in oral and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, CRC cell lines are less sensitive to Fe@Au treatment when compared with oral cancer cell lines. In this research, Fe@Au are found to decrease the cell viability of CRC cell lines, including Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480, through growth inhibition rather than the induction of cell death. The cytotoxicity induced by Fe@Au in CRC cells uses different subcellular pathways to the mitochondria-mediated autophagy found in Fe@Au-treated oral cancer cells, OECM1. Interestingly, the Caco-2 cell line shows a similar response to OECM1 cells and is thus more sensitive to Fe@Au treatment than the other CRC cell lines studied. We have investigated the underlying cell resistance mechanisms of Fe@Au-treated CRC cells. The resistance of CRC cells to Fe@Au does not result from the total amount of Fe@Au internalized. Instead, the different amounts of Fe and Au internalized appear to determine the different response to treatment with Fe-only nanoparticles in Fe@Au-resistant CRC cells compared with the Fe@Au-sensitive OECM1 cells. The only moderately cytotoxic effect of Fe@Au nanoparticles on CRC cells, when compared to the highly sensitive OECM1 cells, appears to arise from the CRC cells' relative insensitivity to Fe, as is demonstrated by our Fe-only treatments. This is a surprising outcome, given that Fe has thus far been considered to be the "active" component of Fe@Au nanoparticles. Instead, we have found that the Au coatings, previously considered only as a passivating coating to protect the Fe cores from oxidation, significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of Fe@Au in certain CRC cells. Therefore, we conclude that both the Fe and Au in these core–shell nanoparticles are essential for the anticancer properties observed in CRC cells. Keywords: cancer therapy, Fe, gold-coated iron, nanoparticles, differential cytotoxicityWu YNWu PCYang LXRatinac KRThordarson PJahn KAChen DHShieh DBBraet FDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 3321-3331 (2013) |
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Medicine (General) R5-920 |
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Medicine (General) R5-920 Wu YN Wu PC Yang LX Ratinac KR Thordarson P Jahn KA Chen DH Shieh DB Braet F The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| description |
Ya-Na Wu,1 Ping-Ching Wu,1 Li-Xing Yang,1 Kyle R Ratinac,2 Pall Thordarson,4 Kristina A Jahn,2 Dong-Hwang Chen,3 Dar-Bin Shieh,1,5,6 Filip Braet2,7 1Institute of Oral Medicine and Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan; 2Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 3Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 4School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 5Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 6Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; 7School of Medical Sciences (Discipline of Anatomy and Histology), The Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: Previously, iron core–gold shell nanoparticles (Fe@Au) have been shown to possess cancer-preferential cytotoxicity in oral and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. However, CRC cell lines are less sensitive to Fe@Au treatment when compared with oral cancer cell lines. In this research, Fe@Au are found to decrease the cell viability of CRC cell lines, including Caco-2, HT-29, and SW480, through growth inhibition rather than the induction of cell death. The cytotoxicity induced by Fe@Au in CRC cells uses different subcellular pathways to the mitochondria-mediated autophagy found in Fe@Au-treated oral cancer cells, OECM1. Interestingly, the Caco-2 cell line shows a similar response to OECM1 cells and is thus more sensitive to Fe@Au treatment than the other CRC cell lines studied. We have investigated the underlying cell resistance mechanisms of Fe@Au-treated CRC cells. The resistance of CRC cells to Fe@Au does not result from the total amount of Fe@Au internalized. Instead, the different amounts of Fe and Au internalized appear to determine the different response to treatment with Fe-only nanoparticles in Fe@Au-resistant CRC cells compared with the Fe@Au-sensitive OECM1 cells. The only moderately cytotoxic effect of Fe@Au nanoparticles on CRC cells, when compared to the highly sensitive OECM1 cells, appears to arise from the CRC cells' relative insensitivity to Fe, as is demonstrated by our Fe-only treatments. This is a surprising outcome, given that Fe has thus far been considered to be the "active" component of Fe@Au nanoparticles. Instead, we have found that the Au coatings, previously considered only as a passivating coating to protect the Fe cores from oxidation, significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of Fe@Au in certain CRC cells. Therefore, we conclude that both the Fe and Au in these core–shell nanoparticles are essential for the anticancer properties observed in CRC cells. Keywords: cancer therapy, Fe, gold-coated iron, nanoparticles, differential cytotoxicity |
| format |
article |
| author |
Wu YN Wu PC Yang LX Ratinac KR Thordarson P Jahn KA Chen DH Shieh DB Braet F |
| author_facet |
Wu YN Wu PC Yang LX Ratinac KR Thordarson P Jahn KA Chen DH Shieh DB Braet F |
| author_sort |
Wu YN |
| title |
The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| title_short |
The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| title_full |
The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| title_fullStr |
The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| title_sort |
anticancer properties of iron core–gold shell nanoparticles in colorectal cancer cells |
| publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/fca472cbae284b67ad86d73464e87ba0 |
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