Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients

Intensive care units are complex environments favoring high resistance in microorganisms. This study evaluated the resistance and the distribution dynamics of resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in patients admitted to intensive care units. This retrospective, record-based, cross-sectional study...

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Autores principales:	Farooq Ahmed Wani, Altaf Bandy, Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea, Abdullah S. Alanazi, Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed, Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu, Bilal Tantry, Mushtaq Dar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	intensive care units Gram-negative bacteria antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance carbapenems Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fca69389f3644e518934a38412a81248
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fca69389f3644e518934a38412a812482021-11-25T18:24:36ZResistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients10.3390/microorganisms91122462076-2607https://doaj.org/article/fca69389f3644e518934a38412a812482021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2246https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Intensive care units are complex environments favoring high resistance in microorganisms. This study evaluated the resistance and the distribution dynamics of resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in patients admitted to intensive care units. This retrospective, record-based, cross-sectional study analyzed all of the antibiograms of patients admitted to the ICUs. The BD Phoenix system (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD, USA) was used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial testing. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute recommendations were used for antimicrobial testing. Frequencies and percentages of multidrug and pan-drug resistance were calculated. A total of 570 bacterial growths were observed, out of which 437 (76.7%) were of GNB. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (21.0%), <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (11.8%), and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (13.2%) were the most frequent disease-causing bacteria in intensive care patients. Resistance rates of 73.2% and 70.1% were observed for third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, respectively, while 48.2% carbapenem and > 65% fluoroquinolones resistance rates were observed. Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic, with a sensitivity rate of 69.5%. A total of 372 (85.1%) of GNB were multidrug resistant. The majority of infections in intensive care patients are caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Female gender and advancing age are factors favoring MDR. Enhanced surveillance and strengthening of the antimicrobial stewardship program are warranted.Farooq Ahmed WaniAltaf BandyMohammed Jayed S. AlenziAbdulaziz Ibrahim AlzareaAbdullah S. AlanaziMohammed Ubaidullah SayeedAshokkumar ThirunavukkarasuBilal TantryMushtaq DarMDPI AGarticleintensive care unitsGram-negative bacteriaantimicrobial resistancemultidrug resistancecarbapenemsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2246, p 2246 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	intensive care units Gram-negative bacteria antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance carbapenems Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	intensive care units Gram-negative bacteria antimicrobial resistance multidrug resistance carbapenems Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Farooq Ahmed Wani Altaf Bandy Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea Abdullah S. Alanazi Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu Bilal Tantry Mushtaq Dar Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
description	Intensive care units are complex environments favoring high resistance in microorganisms. This study evaluated the resistance and the distribution dynamics of resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in patients admitted to intensive care units. This retrospective, record-based, cross-sectional study analyzed all of the antibiograms of patients admitted to the ICUs. The BD Phoenix system (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD, USA) was used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial testing. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute recommendations were used for antimicrobial testing. Frequencies and percentages of multidrug and pan-drug resistance were calculated. A total of 570 bacterial growths were observed, out of which 437 (76.7%) were of GNB. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (21.0%), <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (11.8%), and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (13.2%) were the most frequent disease-causing bacteria in intensive care patients. Resistance rates of 73.2% and 70.1% were observed for third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, respectively, while 48.2% carbapenem and > 65% fluoroquinolones resistance rates were observed. Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic, with a sensitivity rate of 69.5%. A total of 372 (85.1%) of GNB were multidrug resistant. The majority of infections in intensive care patients are caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Female gender and advancing age are factors favoring MDR. Enhanced surveillance and strengthening of the antimicrobial stewardship program are warranted.
format	article
author	Farooq Ahmed Wani Altaf Bandy Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea Abdullah S. Alanazi Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu Bilal Tantry Mushtaq Dar
author_facet	Farooq Ahmed Wani Altaf Bandy Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea Abdullah S. Alanazi Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu Bilal Tantry Mushtaq Dar
author_sort	Farooq Ahmed Wani
title	Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
title_short	Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
title_full	Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
title_fullStr	Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
title_full_unstemmed	Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients
title_sort	resistance patterns of gram-negative bacteria recovered from clinical specimens of intensive care patients
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fca69389f3644e518934a38412a81248
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Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered from Clinical Specimens of Intensive Care Patients

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