Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic

<b>Breakthrough</b> advances in informatics over the last decade have thoroughly influenced the field of immunology. The intermingling of machine learning with wet lab applications and clinical results has hatched the newly defined immunoinformatics society. Immunoinformatics of the cent...

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Autores principales:	Ismini Papageorgiou, Daniel Bittner, Marios Nikos Psychogios, Stathis Hadjidemetriou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	machine learning immunology brain microglia big data Mathematics QA1-939
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fca73d55eeab4a08a0c9768c5a8b79f6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fca73d55eeab4a08a0c9768c5a8b79f62021-11-25T19:07:18ZBrain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic10.3390/sym131121682073-8994https://doaj.org/article/fca73d55eeab4a08a0c9768c5a8b79f62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/11/2168https://doaj.org/toc/2073-8994<b>Breakthrough</b> advances in informatics over the last decade have thoroughly influenced the field of immunology. The intermingling of machine learning with wet lab applications and clinical results has hatched the newly defined immunoinformatics society. Immunoinformatics of the central neural system, referred to as <b>neuroimmunoinformatics (NII), investigates symmetrical and asymmetrical interactions of the brain-immune interface</b>. This interdisciplinary overview on NII is addressed to bioscientists and computer scientists. We delineate the dominating trajectories and field-shaping achievements and elaborate on future directions using bridging language and terminology. Computation, varying from linear modeling to complex deep learning approaches, fuels neuroimmunology through three core directions. Firstly, by providing big-data analysis software for high-throughput methods such as next-generation sequencing and genome-wide association studies. Secondly, by designing models for the prediction of protein morphology, functions, and symmetrical and asymmetrical protein–protein interactions. Finally, NII boosts the output of quantitative pathology by enabling the automatization of tedious processes such as cell counting, tracing, and arbor analysis. The new classification of microglia, the brain’s innate immune cells, was an NII achievement. Deep sequencing classifies microglia in “sensotypes” to accurately describe the versatility of immune responses to physiological and pathological challenges, as well as to experimental conditions such as xenografting and organoids. NII approaches complex tasks in the brain-immune interface, recognizes patterns and allows for hypothesis-free predictions with ultimate targeted individualized treatment strategies, and personalizes disease prognosis and treatment response.Ismini PapageorgiouDaniel BittnerMarios Nikos PsychogiosStathis HadjidemetriouMDPI AGarticlemachine learningimmunologybrainmicrogliabig dataMathematicsQA1-939ENSymmetry, Vol 13, Iss 2168, p 2168 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	machine learning immunology brain microglia big data Mathematics QA1-939
spellingShingle	machine learning immunology brain microglia big data Mathematics QA1-939 Ismini Papageorgiou Daniel Bittner Marios Nikos Psychogios Stathis Hadjidemetriou Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
description	<b>Breakthrough</b> advances in informatics over the last decade have thoroughly influenced the field of immunology. The intermingling of machine learning with wet lab applications and clinical results has hatched the newly defined immunoinformatics society. Immunoinformatics of the central neural system, referred to as <b>neuroimmunoinformatics (NII), investigates symmetrical and asymmetrical interactions of the brain-immune interface</b>. This interdisciplinary overview on NII is addressed to bioscientists and computer scientists. We delineate the dominating trajectories and field-shaping achievements and elaborate on future directions using bridging language and terminology. Computation, varying from linear modeling to complex deep learning approaches, fuels neuroimmunology through three core directions. Firstly, by providing big-data analysis software for high-throughput methods such as next-generation sequencing and genome-wide association studies. Secondly, by designing models for the prediction of protein morphology, functions, and symmetrical and asymmetrical protein–protein interactions. Finally, NII boosts the output of quantitative pathology by enabling the automatization of tedious processes such as cell counting, tracing, and arbor analysis. The new classification of microglia, the brain’s innate immune cells, was an NII achievement. Deep sequencing classifies microglia in “sensotypes” to accurately describe the versatility of immune responses to physiological and pathological challenges, as well as to experimental conditions such as xenografting and organoids. NII approaches complex tasks in the brain-immune interface, recognizes patterns and allows for hypothesis-free predictions with ultimate targeted individualized treatment strategies, and personalizes disease prognosis and treatment response.
format	article
author	Ismini Papageorgiou Daniel Bittner Marios Nikos Psychogios Stathis Hadjidemetriou
author_facet	Ismini Papageorgiou Daniel Bittner Marios Nikos Psychogios Stathis Hadjidemetriou
author_sort	Ismini Papageorgiou
title	Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
title_short	Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
title_full	Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
title_fullStr	Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
title_full_unstemmed	Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic
title_sort	brain immunoinformatics: a symmetrical link between informatics, wet lab and the clinic
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fca73d55eeab4a08a0c9768c5a8b79f6
work_keys_str_mv	AT isminipapageorgiou brainimmunoinformaticsasymmetricallinkbetweeninformaticswetlabandtheclinic AT danielbittner brainimmunoinformaticsasymmetricallinkbetweeninformaticswetlabandtheclinic AT mariosnikospsychogios brainimmunoinformaticsasymmetricallinkbetweeninformaticswetlabandtheclinic AT stathishadjidemetriou brainimmunoinformaticsasymmetricallinkbetweeninformaticswetlabandtheclinic
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Brain Immunoinformatics: A Symmetrical Link between Informatics, Wet Lab and the Clinic

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