Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality rates are still high in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the knowledge about the current patterns is valuable for policymaking to decrease the TB burden. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, we used a Joinpoint regression analysis to exami...

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Autores principales:	Nodjimadji Tamlengar Martial, Sumaira Mubarik, Chuanhua Yu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fcc3658dbe964680905184a276a24968
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fcc3658dbe964680905184a276a249682021-12-02T16:45:54ZLong-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries10.1038/s41598-021-95967-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fcc3658dbe964680905184a276a249682021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95967-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality rates are still high in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the knowledge about the current patterns is valuable for policymaking to decrease the TB burden. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, we used a Joinpoint regression analysis to examine the variations in the trends of TB incidence and mortality, and the age-period-cohort statistical model to evaluate their risks associated with age, period, and cohort in males and females from Cameroon (CAM), Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In the four countries, TB incidence and mortality rates displayed decreasing trends in men and women; except for the males from DRC that recorded an almost steady pattern in the trend of TB incidence between 1990 and 2019. TB incidence and mortality rates decreased according to the overall annual percentage changes over the adjusted age category in men and women of the four countries, and CAM registered the highest decrease. Although TB incidence and mortality rates increased with age between 1990 and 2019, the male gender was mainly associated with the upward behaviors of TB incidence rates, and the female gender association was with the upward behaviors of TB mortality rates. Males and females aged between 15–54 and 15–49 years old were evaluated as the population at high risks of TB incidence and mortality respectively in CAM, CAR, Chad, and DRC. The period and cohort relative risks (RRs) both declined in men and women of the four countries although there were some upward behaviors in their trends. Relatively to the period and cohort RRs, females and males from CAM recorded the most significant decrease compared to the rest of the countries. New public health approaches and policies towards young adults and adults, and a particular focus on elderlies’ health and life conditions should be adopted in CAM, CAR, DRC, and Chad to rapidly decrease TB incidence and mortality in both genders of the four countries.Nodjimadji Tamlengar MartialSumaira MubarikChuanhua YuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nodjimadji Tamlengar Martial Sumaira Mubarik Chuanhua Yu Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
description	Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) incidence and mortality rates are still high in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the knowledge about the current patterns is valuable for policymaking to decrease the TB burden. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, we used a Joinpoint regression analysis to examine the variations in the trends of TB incidence and mortality, and the age-period-cohort statistical model to evaluate their risks associated with age, period, and cohort in males and females from Cameroon (CAM), Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In the four countries, TB incidence and mortality rates displayed decreasing trends in men and women; except for the males from DRC that recorded an almost steady pattern in the trend of TB incidence between 1990 and 2019. TB incidence and mortality rates decreased according to the overall annual percentage changes over the adjusted age category in men and women of the four countries, and CAM registered the highest decrease. Although TB incidence and mortality rates increased with age between 1990 and 2019, the male gender was mainly associated with the upward behaviors of TB incidence rates, and the female gender association was with the upward behaviors of TB mortality rates. Males and females aged between 15–54 and 15–49 years old were evaluated as the population at high risks of TB incidence and mortality respectively in CAM, CAR, Chad, and DRC. The period and cohort relative risks (RRs) both declined in men and women of the four countries although there were some upward behaviors in their trends. Relatively to the period and cohort RRs, females and males from CAM recorded the most significant decrease compared to the rest of the countries. New public health approaches and policies towards young adults and adults, and a particular focus on elderlies’ health and life conditions should be adopted in CAM, CAR, DRC, and Chad to rapidly decrease TB incidence and mortality in both genders of the four countries.
format	article
author	Nodjimadji Tamlengar Martial Sumaira Mubarik Chuanhua Yu
author_facet	Nodjimadji Tamlengar Martial Sumaira Mubarik Chuanhua Yu
author_sort	Nodjimadji Tamlengar Martial
title	Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
title_short	Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
title_full	Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
title_fullStr	Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
title_full_unstemmed	Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries
title_sort	long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central african countries
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fcc3658dbe964680905184a276a24968
work_keys_str_mv	AT nodjimadjitamlengarmartial longtermtrendsoftuberculosisincidenceandmortalityinfourcentralafricancountries AT sumairamubarik longtermtrendsoftuberculosisincidenceandmortalityinfourcentralafricancountries AT chuanhuayu longtermtrendsoftuberculosisincidenceandmortalityinfourcentralafricancountries
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Long-term trends of tuberculosis incidence and mortality in four central African countries

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