Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

Abstract Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity a...

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Autores principales:	W. Johnston, B. T. Rosier, A. Artacho, M. Paterson, K. Piela, C. Delaney, J. L. Brown, G. Ramage, A. Mira, S. Culshaw
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fcd48989555842a292e1041f8e92ab92
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fcd48989555842a292e1041f8e92ab922021-12-02T14:29:09ZMechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients10.1038/s41598-021-89002-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fcd48989555842a292e1041f8e92ab922021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89002-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overall community, and the parallel impact on host inflammation in the oral cavity. Fourty-two periodontitis patients were included in this study, with periodontal clinical parameters, subgingival plaque and saliva samples collected at baseline and 90 days after treatment. Salivary cytokines were quantified, and subgingival plaque was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment, there were marked health-associated alterations in microbial composition and diversity, including differential abundance of 42 genera and 61 species. These changes were accompanied by substantial clinical improvement (pockets ≥ 5 mm, 27.50% to 9.00%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in salivary IL-1β (p < 0.001)—a putative marker of periodontal inflammation. Despite significant reductions in disease associated anaerobes, several genera (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Tanenerella, Treponema) remained present and formed a distinct subnetwork associated with residual disease. Collectively, this study shows that current periodontal treatment results in partial restoration of a healthy microbial ecosystem, but features of biofilm dysbiosis and host inflammation remain in some patients, which were surprisingly independent of clinical response.W. JohnstonB. T. RosierA. ArtachoM. PatersonK. PielaC. DelaneyJ. L. BrownG. RamageA. MiraS. CulshawNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q W. Johnston B. T. Rosier A. Artacho M. Paterson K. Piela C. Delaney J. L. Brown G. Ramage A. Mira S. Culshaw Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
description	Abstract Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overall community, and the parallel impact on host inflammation in the oral cavity. Fourty-two periodontitis patients were included in this study, with periodontal clinical parameters, subgingival plaque and saliva samples collected at baseline and 90 days after treatment. Salivary cytokines were quantified, and subgingival plaque was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment, there were marked health-associated alterations in microbial composition and diversity, including differential abundance of 42 genera and 61 species. These changes were accompanied by substantial clinical improvement (pockets ≥ 5 mm, 27.50% to 9.00%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in salivary IL-1β (p < 0.001)—a putative marker of periodontal inflammation. Despite significant reductions in disease associated anaerobes, several genera (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Tanenerella, Treponema) remained present and formed a distinct subnetwork associated with residual disease. Collectively, this study shows that current periodontal treatment results in partial restoration of a healthy microbial ecosystem, but features of biofilm dysbiosis and host inflammation remain in some patients, which were surprisingly independent of clinical response.
format	article
author	W. Johnston B. T. Rosier A. Artacho M. Paterson K. Piela C. Delaney J. L. Brown G. Ramage A. Mira S. Culshaw
author_facet	W. Johnston B. T. Rosier A. Artacho M. Paterson K. Piela C. Delaney J. L. Brown G. Ramage A. Mira S. Culshaw
author_sort	W. Johnston
title	Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_short	Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_full	Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_fullStr	Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_full_unstemmed	Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
title_sort	mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fcd48989555842a292e1041f8e92ab92
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Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

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