Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.

Our daily activities require vigilance. Therefore, it is useful to externally monitor and predict our vigilance level using a straightforward method. It is known that the vigilance level is linked to pupillary fluctuations via Locus Coeruleus and Norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. However, previous meth...

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Autores principales:	Jumpei Yamashita, Hiroki Terashima, Makoto Yoneya, Kazushi Maruya, Hidetaka Koya, Haruo Oishi, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Takatsune Kumada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fcf6b29023254b5a95e429831fe611dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fcf6b29023254b5a95e429831fe611dd2021-12-02T20:14:32ZPupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256953https://doaj.org/article/fcf6b29023254b5a95e429831fe611dd2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256953https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Our daily activities require vigilance. Therefore, it is useful to externally monitor and predict our vigilance level using a straightforward method. It is known that the vigilance level is linked to pupillary fluctuations via Locus Coeruleus and Norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. However, previous methods of estimating long-term vigilance require monitoring pupillary fluctuations at rest over a long period. We developed a method of predicting the short-term vigilance level by monitoring pupillary fluctuation for a shorter period consisting of several seconds. The LC activity also fluctuates at a timescale of seconds. Therefore, we hypothesized that the short-term vigilance level could be estimated using pupillary fluctuations in a short period and quantified their amplitude as the Micro-Pupillary Unrest Index (M-PUI). We found an intra-individual trial-by-trial positive correlation between Reaction Time (RT) reflecting the short-term vigilance level and M-PUI in the period immediately before the target onset in a Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). This relationship was most evident when the fluctuation was smoothed by a Hanning window of approximately 50 to 100 ms (including cases of down-sampled data at 100 and 50 Hz), and M-PUI was calculated in the period up to one or two seconds before the target onset. These results suggest that M-PUI can monitor and predict fluctuating levels of vigilance. M-PUI is also useful for examining pupillary fluctuations in a short period for elucidating the psychophysiological mechanisms of short-term vigilance.Jumpei YamashitaHiroki TerashimaMakoto YoneyaKazushi MaruyaHidetaka KoyaHaruo OishiHiroyuki NakamuraTakatsune KumadaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256953 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jumpei Yamashita Hiroki Terashima Makoto Yoneya Kazushi Maruya Hidetaka Koya Haruo Oishi Hiroyuki Nakamura Takatsune Kumada Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
description	Our daily activities require vigilance. Therefore, it is useful to externally monitor and predict our vigilance level using a straightforward method. It is known that the vigilance level is linked to pupillary fluctuations via Locus Coeruleus and Norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. However, previous methods of estimating long-term vigilance require monitoring pupillary fluctuations at rest over a long period. We developed a method of predicting the short-term vigilance level by monitoring pupillary fluctuation for a shorter period consisting of several seconds. The LC activity also fluctuates at a timescale of seconds. Therefore, we hypothesized that the short-term vigilance level could be estimated using pupillary fluctuations in a short period and quantified their amplitude as the Micro-Pupillary Unrest Index (M-PUI). We found an intra-individual trial-by-trial positive correlation between Reaction Time (RT) reflecting the short-term vigilance level and M-PUI in the period immediately before the target onset in a Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). This relationship was most evident when the fluctuation was smoothed by a Hanning window of approximately 50 to 100 ms (including cases of down-sampled data at 100 and 50 Hz), and M-PUI was calculated in the period up to one or two seconds before the target onset. These results suggest that M-PUI can monitor and predict fluctuating levels of vigilance. M-PUI is also useful for examining pupillary fluctuations in a short period for elucidating the psychophysiological mechanisms of short-term vigilance.
format	article
author	Jumpei Yamashita Hiroki Terashima Makoto Yoneya Kazushi Maruya Hidetaka Koya Haruo Oishi Hiroyuki Nakamura Takatsune Kumada
author_facet	Jumpei Yamashita Hiroki Terashima Makoto Yoneya Kazushi Maruya Hidetaka Koya Haruo Oishi Hiroyuki Nakamura Takatsune Kumada
author_sort	Jumpei Yamashita
title	Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
title_short	Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
title_full	Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
title_fullStr	Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
title_full_unstemmed	Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.
title_sort	pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in psychomotor vigilance tasks.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fcf6b29023254b5a95e429831fe611dd
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Pupillary fluctuation amplitude before target presentation reflects short-term vigilance level in Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks.

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