Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae

With the aim of addressing the impact of extractive protocols in molecular characterization of ceramic content, sixteen archaeological shards and waterproofing coatings of Roman amphorae were studied to compare the extractive capacities of protocols prevalently mentioned in wine amphorae analysis. A...

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Autores principales:	Louise Chassouant, Fabienne Olmer, Chiara Delpino, Alessandra Celant, Cathy Vieillescazes, Donatella Magri, Carole Mathe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	organic residue analyses biomolecular archaeology tartaric acid microwave-assisted butylation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ceramic content Crystallography QD901-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd14f02a0a6e4f0da4f3cb32e72c1ef7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd14f02a0a6e4f0da4f3cb32e72c1ef72021-11-25T17:17:54ZProtocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae10.3390/cryst111113002073-4352https://doaj.org/article/fd14f02a0a6e4f0da4f3cb32e72c1ef72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/11/1300https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4352With the aim of addressing the impact of extractive protocols in molecular characterization of ceramic content, sixteen archaeological shards and waterproofing coatings of Roman amphorae were studied to compare the extractive capacities of protocols prevalently mentioned in wine amphorae analysis. A microwave-assisted protocol is developed in order to esterify grape-derivative markers from archaeological pitch and shard. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is used to highlight the great capacities of a two-step protocol that combines organic extraction with BF<sub>3</sub>-etherate complex butylation applied on archaeological shards. Instead, simultaneous alkaline fusion and direct-resin acid-catalyzed butylation are favored for the characterization of waterproofing material. The identification of tartaric acid, together with succinic, fumaric pyruvic and syringic acids provide valuable insights on the archaeological grape-derivative content, possibly wine. Diterpenic markers highlighted <i>Pinus</i> pitch and wood tar, originally used to waterproof the amphorae. Since markers are reliable tools in organic residue analyses, protocols exhibiting high extractive capacities are favored to avoid false conclusions drawn through the absence of markers.Louise ChassouantFabienne OlmerChiara DelpinoAlessandra CelantCathy VieillescazesDonatella MagriCarole MatheMDPI AGarticleorganic residue analysesbiomolecular archaeologytartaric acidmicrowave-assisted butylationgas chromatography-mass spectrometryceramic contentCrystallographyQD901-999ENCrystals, Vol 11, Iss 1300, p 1300 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	organic residue analyses biomolecular archaeology tartaric acid microwave-assisted butylation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ceramic content Crystallography QD901-999
spellingShingle	organic residue analyses biomolecular archaeology tartaric acid microwave-assisted butylation gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ceramic content Crystallography QD901-999 Louise Chassouant Fabienne Olmer Chiara Delpino Alessandra Celant Cathy Vieillescazes Donatella Magri Carole Mathe Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
description	With the aim of addressing the impact of extractive protocols in molecular characterization of ceramic content, sixteen archaeological shards and waterproofing coatings of Roman amphorae were studied to compare the extractive capacities of protocols prevalently mentioned in wine amphorae analysis. A microwave-assisted protocol is developed in order to esterify grape-derivative markers from archaeological pitch and shard. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is used to highlight the great capacities of a two-step protocol that combines organic extraction with BF<sub>3</sub>-etherate complex butylation applied on archaeological shards. Instead, simultaneous alkaline fusion and direct-resin acid-catalyzed butylation are favored for the characterization of waterproofing material. The identification of tartaric acid, together with succinic, fumaric pyruvic and syringic acids provide valuable insights on the archaeological grape-derivative content, possibly wine. Diterpenic markers highlighted <i>Pinus</i> pitch and wood tar, originally used to waterproof the amphorae. Since markers are reliable tools in organic residue analyses, protocols exhibiting high extractive capacities are favored to avoid false conclusions drawn through the absence of markers.
format	article
author	Louise Chassouant Fabienne Olmer Chiara Delpino Alessandra Celant Cathy Vieillescazes Donatella Magri Carole Mathe
author_facet	Louise Chassouant Fabienne Olmer Chiara Delpino Alessandra Celant Cathy Vieillescazes Donatella Magri Carole Mathe
author_sort	Louise Chassouant
title	Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
title_short	Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
title_full	Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
title_fullStr	Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
title_full_unstemmed	Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae
title_sort	protocol comparison for organic residue analyses from waterproofing materials and shards of roman archaeological amphorae
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd14f02a0a6e4f0da4f3cb32e72c1ef7
work_keys_str_mv	AT louisechassouant protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT fabienneolmer protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT chiaradelpino protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT alessandracelant protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT cathyvieillescazes protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT donatellamagri protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae AT carolemathe protocolcomparisonfororganicresidueanalysesfromwaterproofingmaterialsandshardsofromanarchaeologicalamphorae
_version_	1718412569083904000

Protocol Comparison for Organic Residue Analyses from Waterproofing Materials and Shards of Roman Archaeological Amphorae

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