Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.

<h4>Background</h4>From the beginning of domestication, the transportation of domestic animals resulted in genetic and demographic processes that explain their present distribution and genetic structure. Thus studying the present genetic diversity helps to better understand the history o...

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Autores principales:	Saeid Naderi, Hamid-Reza Rezaei, Pierre Taberlet, Stéphanie Zundel, Seyed-Abbas Rafat, Hamid-Reza Naghash, Mohamed A A el-Barody, Okan Ertugrul, François Pompanon, Econogene Consortium
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2007
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd3b9965090c43e79ff141d9ce8657fe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd3b9965090c43e79ff141d9ce8657fe2021-11-25T06:10:44ZLarge-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0001012https://doaj.org/article/fd3b9965090c43e79ff141d9ce8657fe2007-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001012https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>From the beginning of domestication, the transportation of domestic animals resulted in genetic and demographic processes that explain their present distribution and genetic structure. Thus studying the present genetic diversity helps to better understand the history of domestic species.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>The genetic diversity of domestic goats has been characterized with 2430 individuals from all over the old world, including 946 new individuals from regions poorly studied until now (mainly the Fertile Crescent). These individuals represented 1540 haplotypes for the HVI segment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. This large-scale study allowed the establishment of a clear nomenclature of the goat maternal haplogroups. Only five of the six previously defined groups of haplotypes were divergent enough to be considered as different haplogroups. Moreover a new mitochondrial group has been localized around the Fertile Crescent. All groups showed very high haplotype diversity. Most of this diversity was distributed among groups and within geographic regions. The weak geographic structure may result from the worldwide distribution of the dominant A haplogroup (more than 90% of the individuals). The large-scale distribution of other haplogroups (except one), may be related to human migration. The recent fragmentation of local goat populations into discrete breeds is not detectable with mitochondrial markers. The estimation of demographic parameters from mismatch analyses showed that all groups had a recent demographic expansion corresponding roughly to the period when domestication took place. But even with a large data set it remains difficult to give relative dates of expansion for different haplogroups because of large confidence intervals.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We propose standard criteria for the definition of the different haplogroups based on the result of mismatch analysis and on the use of sequences of reference. Such a method could be also applied for clarifying the nomenclature of mitochondrial haplogroups in other domestic species.Saeid NaderiHamid-Reza RezaeiPierre TaberletStéphanie ZundelSeyed-Abbas RafatHamid-Reza NaghashMohamed A A el-BarodyOkan ErtugrulFrançois PompanonEconogene ConsortiumPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 2, Iss 10, p e1012 (2007)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Saeid Naderi Hamid-Reza Rezaei Pierre Taberlet Stéphanie Zundel Seyed-Abbas Rafat Hamid-Reza Naghash Mohamed A A el-Barody Okan Ertugrul François Pompanon Econogene Consortium Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
description	<h4>Background</h4>From the beginning of domestication, the transportation of domestic animals resulted in genetic and demographic processes that explain their present distribution and genetic structure. Thus studying the present genetic diversity helps to better understand the history of domestic species.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>The genetic diversity of domestic goats has been characterized with 2430 individuals from all over the old world, including 946 new individuals from regions poorly studied until now (mainly the Fertile Crescent). These individuals represented 1540 haplotypes for the HVI segment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. This large-scale study allowed the establishment of a clear nomenclature of the goat maternal haplogroups. Only five of the six previously defined groups of haplotypes were divergent enough to be considered as different haplogroups. Moreover a new mitochondrial group has been localized around the Fertile Crescent. All groups showed very high haplotype diversity. Most of this diversity was distributed among groups and within geographic regions. The weak geographic structure may result from the worldwide distribution of the dominant A haplogroup (more than 90% of the individuals). The large-scale distribution of other haplogroups (except one), may be related to human migration. The recent fragmentation of local goat populations into discrete breeds is not detectable with mitochondrial markers. The estimation of demographic parameters from mismatch analyses showed that all groups had a recent demographic expansion corresponding roughly to the period when domestication took place. But even with a large data set it remains difficult to give relative dates of expansion for different haplogroups because of large confidence intervals.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We propose standard criteria for the definition of the different haplogroups based on the result of mismatch analysis and on the use of sequences of reference. Such a method could be also applied for clarifying the nomenclature of mitochondrial haplogroups in other domestic species.
format	article
author	Saeid Naderi Hamid-Reza Rezaei Pierre Taberlet Stéphanie Zundel Seyed-Abbas Rafat Hamid-Reza Naghash Mohamed A A el-Barody Okan Ertugrul François Pompanon Econogene Consortium
author_facet	Saeid Naderi Hamid-Reza Rezaei Pierre Taberlet Stéphanie Zundel Seyed-Abbas Rafat Hamid-Reza Naghash Mohamed A A el-Barody Okan Ertugrul François Pompanon Econogene Consortium
author_sort	Saeid Naderi
title	Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
title_short	Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
title_full	Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
title_fullStr	Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
title_full_unstemmed	Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
title_sort	large-scale mitochondrial dna analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2007
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd3b9965090c43e79ff141d9ce8657fe
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Large-scale mitochondrial DNA analysis of the domestic goat reveals six haplogroups with high diversity.

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