Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid

Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime,...

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Autores principales:	Aydın Cem Keser, Daisy Q. Wang, Oleh Klochan, Derek Y. H. Ho, Olga A. Tkachenko, Vitaly A. Tkachenko, Dimitrie Culcer, Shaffique Adam, Ian Farrer, David A. Ritchie, Oleg P. Sushkov, Alexander R. Hamilton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Physical Society 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd4f8f94469f4158abebf1c670e1f6fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd4f8f94469f4158abebf1c670e1f6fd2021-12-02T16:18:13ZGeometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid10.1103/PhysRevX.11.0310302160-3308https://doaj.org/article/fd4f8f94469f4158abebf1c670e1f6fd2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.031030http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.031030https://doaj.org/toc/2160-3308Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime, Coulomb interactions transform the electron motion from independent particles to the collective motion of a viscous “electron fluid.” The fluid viscosity is an intrinsic property of the electron system, determined solely by the electron-electron interactions. Resolving the universal intrinsic viscosity is challenging, as it affects the resistance only through interactions with the sample boundaries, whose roughness not only is unknown but also varies from device to device. Here, we eliminate all unknown parameters by fabricating samples with smooth sidewalls to achieve the perfect slip boundary condition, which has been elusive in both molecular fluids and electronic systems. We engineer the device geometry to create viscous dissipation and reveal the true intrinsic hydrodynamic properties of a 2D system. We observe a clear transition from ballistic to hydrodynamic electron motion, driven by both temperature and magnetic field. We directly measure the viscosity and electron-electron scattering lifetime (the Fermi quasiparticle lifetime) over a wide temperature range without fitting parameters and show they have a strong dependence on electron density that cannot be explained by conventional theories based on the random phase approximation.Aydın Cem KeserDaisy Q. WangOleh KlochanDerek Y. H. HoOlga A. TkachenkoVitaly A. TkachenkoDimitrie CulcerShaffique AdamIan FarrerDavid A. RitchieOleg P. SushkovAlexander R. HamiltonAmerican Physical SocietyarticlePhysicsQC1-999ENPhysical Review X, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 031030 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Aydın Cem Keser Daisy Q. Wang Oleh Klochan Derek Y. H. Ho Olga A. Tkachenko Vitaly A. Tkachenko Dimitrie Culcer Shaffique Adam Ian Farrer David A. Ritchie Oleg P. Sushkov Alexander R. Hamilton Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
description	Fluid dynamics is one of the cornerstones of modern physics and has recently found applications in the transport of electrons in solids. In most solids, electron transport is dominated by extrinsic factors, such as sample geometry and scattering from impurities. However, in the hydrodynamic regime, Coulomb interactions transform the electron motion from independent particles to the collective motion of a viscous “electron fluid.” The fluid viscosity is an intrinsic property of the electron system, determined solely by the electron-electron interactions. Resolving the universal intrinsic viscosity is challenging, as it affects the resistance only through interactions with the sample boundaries, whose roughness not only is unknown but also varies from device to device. Here, we eliminate all unknown parameters by fabricating samples with smooth sidewalls to achieve the perfect slip boundary condition, which has been elusive in both molecular fluids and electronic systems. We engineer the device geometry to create viscous dissipation and reveal the true intrinsic hydrodynamic properties of a 2D system. We observe a clear transition from ballistic to hydrodynamic electron motion, driven by both temperature and magnetic field. We directly measure the viscosity and electron-electron scattering lifetime (the Fermi quasiparticle lifetime) over a wide temperature range without fitting parameters and show they have a strong dependence on electron density that cannot be explained by conventional theories based on the random phase approximation.
format	article
author	Aydın Cem Keser Daisy Q. Wang Oleh Klochan Derek Y. H. Ho Olga A. Tkachenko Vitaly A. Tkachenko Dimitrie Culcer Shaffique Adam Ian Farrer David A. Ritchie Oleg P. Sushkov Alexander R. Hamilton
author_facet	Aydın Cem Keser Daisy Q. Wang Oleh Klochan Derek Y. H. Ho Olga A. Tkachenko Vitaly A. Tkachenko Dimitrie Culcer Shaffique Adam Ian Farrer David A. Ritchie Oleg P. Sushkov Alexander R. Hamilton
author_sort	Aydın Cem Keser
title	Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_short	Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_full	Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_fullStr	Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_full_unstemmed	Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid
title_sort	geometric control of universal hydrodynamic flow in a two-dimensional electron fluid
publisher	American Physical Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd4f8f94469f4158abebf1c670e1f6fd
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Geometric Control of Universal Hydrodynamic Flow in a Two-Dimensional Electron Fluid

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