Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021

The most massive outbreak on record of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern Yellow Sea occurred in summer of 2021. The environmental factors were investigated based on observations and simulations. The results suggested that the significantly enhanced discharge of th...

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Autores principales:	Bin Wang, Lei Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Ulva prolifera</i> Changjiang southwestern Yellow Sea outbreak mechanisms wind anomaly Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd63d3bdee6145ac879bac01fc690a41
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:fd63d3bdee6145ac879bac01fc690a41
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd63d3bdee6145ac879bac01fc690a412021-11-25T18:03:51ZNumerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 202110.3390/jmse91111672077-1312https://doaj.org/article/fd63d3bdee6145ac879bac01fc690a412021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1167https://doaj.org/toc/2077-1312The most massive outbreak on record of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern Yellow Sea occurred in summer of 2021. The environmental factors were investigated based on observations and simulations. The results suggested that the significantly enhanced discharge of the Changjiang River since winter 2020–2021 was crucial for the outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern Yellow Sea, which could significantly have contributed to the nutrient enrichment off the Subei coast. Additionally, the southerly wind stress anomaly during winter 2020–2021 favored the upwind transport of Changjiang water. Numerical experiments showed that the remaining winter freshwater coming from the Changjiang River, which persisted in the Subei coast’s upper layer until spring 2021, exceeded the long-term average value by 20%. We demonstrated that these large amount of nutrient inputs, as an effective supplement, were the reason the green tides sharply emerged as an extensive outbreak in 2021. The easterly wind anomaly during spring 2021 contributed to the landing of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> off the Lunan coast.Bin WangLei WuMDPI AGarticle<i>Ulva prolifera</i>Changjiangsouthwestern Yellow Seaoutbreak mechanismswind anomalyNaval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineeringVM1-989OceanographyGC1-1581ENJournal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol 9, Iss 1167, p 1167 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Ulva prolifera</i> Changjiang southwestern Yellow Sea outbreak mechanisms wind anomaly Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581
spellingShingle	<i>Ulva prolifera</i> Changjiang southwestern Yellow Sea outbreak mechanisms wind anomaly Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering VM1-989 Oceanography GC1-1581 Bin Wang Lei Wu Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
description	The most massive outbreak on record of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern Yellow Sea occurred in summer of 2021. The environmental factors were investigated based on observations and simulations. The results suggested that the significantly enhanced discharge of the Changjiang River since winter 2020–2021 was crucial for the outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern Yellow Sea, which could significantly have contributed to the nutrient enrichment off the Subei coast. Additionally, the southerly wind stress anomaly during winter 2020–2021 favored the upwind transport of Changjiang water. Numerical experiments showed that the remaining winter freshwater coming from the Changjiang River, which persisted in the Subei coast’s upper layer until spring 2021, exceeded the long-term average value by 20%. We demonstrated that these large amount of nutrient inputs, as an effective supplement, were the reason the green tides sharply emerged as an extensive outbreak in 2021. The easterly wind anomaly during spring 2021 contributed to the landing of <i>Ulva prolifera</i> off the Lunan coast.
format	article
author	Bin Wang Lei Wu
author_facet	Bin Wang Lei Wu
author_sort	Bin Wang
title	Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
title_short	Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
title_full	Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
title_fullStr	Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
title_full_unstemmed	Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021
title_sort	numerical study on the massive outbreak of the <i>ulva prolifera</i> green tides in the southwestern yellow sea in 2021
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd63d3bdee6145ac879bac01fc690a41
work_keys_str_mv	AT binwang numericalstudyonthemassiveoutbreakoftheiulvaproliferaigreentidesinthesouthwesternyellowseain2021 AT leiwu numericalstudyonthemassiveoutbreakoftheiulvaproliferaigreentidesinthesouthwesternyellowseain2021
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Numerical Study on the Massive Outbreak of the <i>Ulva prolifera</i> Green Tides in the Southwestern Yellow Sea in 2021

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