Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats

Introduction: Several factors are predisposing the urinary system for stone formation some are risk factors and some others are protective. There is not clear that radiofrequency electromagnetic wave (RF-EMW) of cell phones cell phone are risk factors or protective ones. This study is aiming at dete...

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Autores principales:	Amirreza Nabighadim, Leila Zareian, Diana Taheri, Narges Noori, Rahil Mashhadi, Vahid Abedi Yarandi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Urology Research Center 2021
Materias:	cell phone electromagnetic waves urolithiasis stone formation histopathology Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd999d665c91438bbeff01a06eb209d3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd999d665c91438bbeff01a06eb209d32021-11-30T08:35:33ZCell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats10.22034/TRU.2021.299456.10792717-042Xhttps://doaj.org/article/fd999d665c91438bbeff01a06eb209d32021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.transresurology.com/article_136488.htmlhttps://doaj.org/toc/2717-042XIntroduction: Several factors are predisposing the urinary system for stone formation some are risk factors and some others are protective. There is not clear that radiofrequency electromagnetic wave (RF-EMW) of cell phones cell phone are risk factors or protective ones. This study is aiming at determining the role of RF-EMW on kidney stone formation. After one month the serological, histopathological, and radiological tests were done to evaluate the number and size of kidney stones. Methods: Forty Wistar rats weighting 200±10g were enrolled and sub-grouped into four groups:1- Control, 2- Cases with Ethylene glycol to form the kidney stones, 3- Cases with Ethylene glycol and RF-EMW exposure, 4- Cases with RF-EMW exposure (10 in each group 5 male and five female). The study was run over one month and at the end of the study, the serological, histopathological, and radiological tests were done to evaluate the number and size of kidney stones. Results: Our finding indicated that the serological changes and histopathological damage in all three case groups compare to the control group. The number and size of the kidney stones have changed in rats with both ethylene glycol and RF-EMW (p-value≤0.001). Change in serology and histopathology of kidney decreased in RF-EMW+ Ethylene glycol compare to Ethylene glycol alone (p-value≤0.001). Conclusions: With the short-term exposure of rats to waves emitted from mobile waves, we conclude that cell phone electromagnetic waves had a remarkable disintegrating effect on urolithiasis and the rate of detected stones and destructive pathological outcomes result from urinary tract calculi were notably diminished.Amirreza NabighadimLeila ZareianDiana TaheriNarges NooriRahil MashhadiVahid Abedi Yarandi Urology Research Centerarticlecell phone electromagnetic wavesurolithiasisstone formationhistopathologyDiseases of the genitourinary system. UrologyRC870-923ENTranslational Research in Urology, Vol 3, Iss 3, Pp 136-142 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cell phone electromagnetic waves urolithiasis stone formation histopathology Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
spellingShingle	cell phone electromagnetic waves urolithiasis stone formation histopathology Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923 Amirreza Nabighadim Leila Zareian Diana Taheri Narges Noori Rahil Mashhadi Vahid Abedi Yarandi Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
description	Introduction: Several factors are predisposing the urinary system for stone formation some are risk factors and some others are protective. There is not clear that radiofrequency electromagnetic wave (RF-EMW) of cell phones cell phone are risk factors or protective ones. This study is aiming at determining the role of RF-EMW on kidney stone formation. After one month the serological, histopathological, and radiological tests were done to evaluate the number and size of kidney stones. Methods: Forty Wistar rats weighting 200±10g were enrolled and sub-grouped into four groups:1- Control, 2- Cases with Ethylene glycol to form the kidney stones, 3- Cases with Ethylene glycol and RF-EMW exposure, 4- Cases with RF-EMW exposure (10 in each group 5 male and five female). The study was run over one month and at the end of the study, the serological, histopathological, and radiological tests were done to evaluate the number and size of kidney stones. Results: Our finding indicated that the serological changes and histopathological damage in all three case groups compare to the control group. The number and size of the kidney stones have changed in rats with both ethylene glycol and RF-EMW (p-value≤0.001). Change in serology and histopathology of kidney decreased in RF-EMW+ Ethylene glycol compare to Ethylene glycol alone (p-value≤0.001). Conclusions: With the short-term exposure of rats to waves emitted from mobile waves, we conclude that cell phone electromagnetic waves had a remarkable disintegrating effect on urolithiasis and the rate of detected stones and destructive pathological outcomes result from urinary tract calculi were notably diminished.
format	article
author	Amirreza Nabighadim Leila Zareian Diana Taheri Narges Noori Rahil Mashhadi Vahid Abedi Yarandi
author_facet	Amirreza Nabighadim Leila Zareian Diana Taheri Narges Noori Rahil Mashhadi Vahid Abedi Yarandi
author_sort	Amirreza Nabighadim
title	Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
title_short	Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
title_full	Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
title_fullStr	Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
title_full_unstemmed	Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats
title_sort	cell phone electromagnetic waves exposure impact on the histopathologic changes of urinary system stones in rats
publisher	Urology Research Center
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd999d665c91438bbeff01a06eb209d3
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Cell Phone Electromagnetic Waves Exposure Impact on the Histopathologic Changes of Urinary System Stones in Rats

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