Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease

The cornea is a transparent and avascular tissue that plays a central role in light refraction and provides a physical barrier to the external environment. Corneal avascularity is a unique histological feature that distinguishes it from the other parts of the body. Functionally, corneal immune privi...

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Autores principales:	Hyung-Keun Lee, Sang-Mok Lee, Dong-Ihll Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	lymphangiogenesis allograft rejection dry eye disease lymphatic endothelium vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fd9ecd84ce024e44aed16f3f2a84618b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fd9ecd84ce024e44aed16f3f2a84618b2021-11-11T17:06:17ZCorneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease10.3390/ijms2221116281422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/fd9ecd84ce024e44aed16f3f2a84618b2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11628https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The cornea is a transparent and avascular tissue that plays a central role in light refraction and provides a physical barrier to the external environment. Corneal avascularity is a unique histological feature that distinguishes it from the other parts of the body. Functionally, corneal immune privilege critically relies on corneal avascularity. Corneal lymphangiogenesis is now recognized as a general pathological feature in many pathologies, including dry eye disease (DED), corneal allograft rejection, ocular allergy, bacterial and viral keratitis, and transient corneal edema. Currently, sizable data from clinical and basic research have accumulated on the pathogenesis and functional role of ocular lymphangiogenesis. However, because of the invisibility of lymphatic vessels, ocular lymphangiogenesis has not been studied as much as hemangiogenesis. We reviewed the basic mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis and summarized recent advances in the pathogenesis of ocular lymphangiogenesis, focusing on corneal allograft rejection and DED. In addition, we discuss future directions for lymphangiogenesis research.Hyung-Keun LeeSang-Mok LeeDong-Ihll LeeMDPI AGarticlelymphangiogenesisallograft rejectiondry eye diseaselymphatic endotheliumvascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11628, p 11628 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lymphangiogenesis allograft rejection dry eye disease lymphatic endothelium vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	lymphangiogenesis allograft rejection dry eye disease lymphatic endothelium vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Hyung-Keun Lee Sang-Mok Lee Dong-Ihll Lee Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
description	The cornea is a transparent and avascular tissue that plays a central role in light refraction and provides a physical barrier to the external environment. Corneal avascularity is a unique histological feature that distinguishes it from the other parts of the body. Functionally, corneal immune privilege critically relies on corneal avascularity. Corneal lymphangiogenesis is now recognized as a general pathological feature in many pathologies, including dry eye disease (DED), corneal allograft rejection, ocular allergy, bacterial and viral keratitis, and transient corneal edema. Currently, sizable data from clinical and basic research have accumulated on the pathogenesis and functional role of ocular lymphangiogenesis. However, because of the invisibility of lymphatic vessels, ocular lymphangiogenesis has not been studied as much as hemangiogenesis. We reviewed the basic mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis and summarized recent advances in the pathogenesis of ocular lymphangiogenesis, focusing on corneal allograft rejection and DED. In addition, we discuss future directions for lymphangiogenesis research.
format	article
author	Hyung-Keun Lee Sang-Mok Lee Dong-Ihll Lee
author_facet	Hyung-Keun Lee Sang-Mok Lee Dong-Ihll Lee
author_sort	Hyung-Keun Lee
title	Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
title_short	Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
title_full	Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
title_fullStr	Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
title_full_unstemmed	Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease
title_sort	corneal lymphangiogenesis: current pathophysiological understandings and its functional role in ocular surface disease
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fd9ecd84ce024e44aed16f3f2a84618b
work_keys_str_mv	AT hyungkeunlee corneallymphangiogenesiscurrentpathophysiologicalunderstandingsanditsfunctionalroleinocularsurfacedisease AT sangmoklee corneallymphangiogenesiscurrentpathophysiologicalunderstandingsanditsfunctionalroleinocularsurfacedisease AT dongihlllee corneallymphangiogenesiscurrentpathophysiologicalunderstandingsanditsfunctionalroleinocularsurfacedisease
_version_	1718432217461424128

Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Current Pathophysiological Understandings and Its Functional Role in Ocular Surface Disease

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