Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females

Abstract Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are the most important vectors of human malaria. The reproductive success of these mosquitoes relies on a single copulation event after which the majority of females become permanently refractory to further mating. This refractory behavior is at least partially...

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Autores principales:	Priscila Bascuñán, Paolo Gabrieli, Enzo Mameli, Flaminia Catteruccia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fdc3e364bf0746819a7ba70ba5f299b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fdc3e364bf0746819a7ba70ba5f299b92021-12-02T12:42:17ZMating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females10.1038/s41598-020-78967-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fdc3e364bf0746819a7ba70ba5f299b92020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78967-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are the most important vectors of human malaria. The reproductive success of these mosquitoes relies on a single copulation event after which the majority of females become permanently refractory to further mating. This refractory behavior is at least partially mediated by the male-synthetized steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which is packaged together with other seminal secretions into a gelatinous mating plug and transferred to the female atrium during mating. In this study, we show that two 20E-regulated chymotrypsin-like serine proteases specifically expressed in the reproductive tract of An. gambiae females play an important role in modulating the female susceptibility to mating. Silencing these proteases by RNA interference impairs correct plug processing and slows down the release of the steroid hormone 20E from the mating plug. In turn, depleting one of these proteases, the Mating Regulated Atrial Protease 1 (MatRAP1), reduces female refractoriness to further copulation, so that a significant proportion of females mate again. Microscopy analysis reveals that MatRAP1 is localized on a previously undetected peritrophic matrix-like structure surrounding the mating plug. These data provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms shaping the post-mating biology of these important malaria vectors.Priscila BascuñánPaolo GabrieliEnzo MameliFlaminia CatterucciaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Priscila Bascuñán Paolo Gabrieli Enzo Mameli Flaminia Catteruccia Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
description	Abstract Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes are the most important vectors of human malaria. The reproductive success of these mosquitoes relies on a single copulation event after which the majority of females become permanently refractory to further mating. This refractory behavior is at least partially mediated by the male-synthetized steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which is packaged together with other seminal secretions into a gelatinous mating plug and transferred to the female atrium during mating. In this study, we show that two 20E-regulated chymotrypsin-like serine proteases specifically expressed in the reproductive tract of An. gambiae females play an important role in modulating the female susceptibility to mating. Silencing these proteases by RNA interference impairs correct plug processing and slows down the release of the steroid hormone 20E from the mating plug. In turn, depleting one of these proteases, the Mating Regulated Atrial Protease 1 (MatRAP1), reduces female refractoriness to further copulation, so that a significant proportion of females mate again. Microscopy analysis reveals that MatRAP1 is localized on a previously undetected peritrophic matrix-like structure surrounding the mating plug. These data provide novel insight into the molecular mechanisms shaping the post-mating biology of these important malaria vectors.
format	article
author	Priscila Bascuñán Paolo Gabrieli Enzo Mameli Flaminia Catteruccia
author_facet	Priscila Bascuñán Paolo Gabrieli Enzo Mameli Flaminia Catteruccia
author_sort	Priscila Bascuñán
title	Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
title_short	Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
title_full	Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
title_fullStr	Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
title_full_unstemmed	Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females
title_sort	mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in anopheles gambiae females
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/fdc3e364bf0746819a7ba70ba5f299b9
work_keys_str_mv	AT priscilabascunan matingregulatedatrialproteasescontrolreinseminationratesinanophelesgambiaefemales AT paologabrieli matingregulatedatrialproteasescontrolreinseminationratesinanophelesgambiaefemales AT enzomameli matingregulatedatrialproteasescontrolreinseminationratesinanophelesgambiaefemales AT flaminiacatteruccia matingregulatedatrialproteasescontrolreinseminationratesinanophelesgambiaefemales
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Mating-regulated atrial proteases control reinsemination rates in Anopheles gambiae females

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