Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability

Abstract Water forms ordered hexagonally symmetric structures (snow crystals) in its solid state, however not as liquid. Typically, mists and clouds are composed of randomly moving small droplets lacking any ordered structure. Self-organized hexagonally patterned microdroplet clusters over locally h...

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Autores principales:	Alexander A. Fedorets, Mark Frenkel, Evgeny Shulzinger, Leonid A. Dombrovsky, Edward Bormashenko, Michael Nosonovsky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fddf4343d80947f2955366d283e1c302
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fddf4343d80947f2955366d283e1c3022021-12-02T15:05:00ZSelf-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability10.1038/s41598-017-02166-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fddf4343d80947f2955366d283e1c3022017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02166-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Water forms ordered hexagonally symmetric structures (snow crystals) in its solid state, however not as liquid. Typically, mists and clouds are composed of randomly moving small droplets lacking any ordered structure. Self-organized hexagonally patterned microdroplet clusters over locally heated water surfaces have been recently observed. However, many aspects of the phenomenon are far from being well understood including what determines droplets size, arrangement, and the distance between them. Here we show that the Voronoi entropy of the cluster tends to decrease indicating to their self-organization, while coupling of thermal effects and mechanical forces controls the stability of the clusters. We explain the balance of the long-range attraction and repulsion forces which stabilizes the cluster patterns and established the range of parameters, for which the clusters are stable. The cluster is a dissipative structure similar to self-organized Rayleigh–Bénard convective cells. Microdroplet formation plays a role in a variety effects from mist and clouds to aerosols. We anticipate that the discovery of the droplet cluster phenomenon and its explanation will provide new insights on the fundamental physical and chemical processes such as microdroplet role in reaction catalysis in nature as well as new tools for aerosol analysis and microfluidic applications.Alexander A. FedoretsMark FrenkelEvgeny ShulzingerLeonid A. DombrovskyEdward BormashenkoMichael NosonovskyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexander A. Fedorets Mark Frenkel Evgeny Shulzinger Leonid A. Dombrovsky Edward Bormashenko Michael Nosonovsky Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
description	Abstract Water forms ordered hexagonally symmetric structures (snow crystals) in its solid state, however not as liquid. Typically, mists and clouds are composed of randomly moving small droplets lacking any ordered structure. Self-organized hexagonally patterned microdroplet clusters over locally heated water surfaces have been recently observed. However, many aspects of the phenomenon are far from being well understood including what determines droplets size, arrangement, and the distance between them. Here we show that the Voronoi entropy of the cluster tends to decrease indicating to their self-organization, while coupling of thermal effects and mechanical forces controls the stability of the clusters. We explain the balance of the long-range attraction and repulsion forces which stabilizes the cluster patterns and established the range of parameters, for which the clusters are stable. The cluster is a dissipative structure similar to self-organized Rayleigh–Bénard convective cells. Microdroplet formation plays a role in a variety effects from mist and clouds to aerosols. We anticipate that the discovery of the droplet cluster phenomenon and its explanation will provide new insights on the fundamental physical and chemical processes such as microdroplet role in reaction catalysis in nature as well as new tools for aerosol analysis and microfluidic applications.
format	article
author	Alexander A. Fedorets Mark Frenkel Evgeny Shulzinger Leonid A. Dombrovsky Edward Bormashenko Michael Nosonovsky
author_facet	Alexander A. Fedorets Mark Frenkel Evgeny Shulzinger Leonid A. Dombrovsky Edward Bormashenko Michael Nosonovsky
author_sort	Alexander A. Fedorets
title	Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
title_short	Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
title_full	Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
title_fullStr	Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
title_full_unstemmed	Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
title_sort	self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/fddf4343d80947f2955366d283e1c302
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Self-assembled levitating clusters of water droplets: pattern-formation and stability

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