gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.

Understanding the origins of biodiversity has been an aspiration since the days of early naturalists. The immense complexity of ecological, evolutionary, and spatial processes, however, has made this goal elusive to this day. Computer models serve progress in many scientific fields, but in the field...

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Autores principales:	Oskar Hagen, Benjamin Flück, Fabian Fopp, Juliano S Cabral, Florian Hartig, Mikael Pontarp, Thiago F Rangel, Loïc Pellissier
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fdf010bb072f4988ad2856c0a14496fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fdf010bb072f4988ad2856c0a14496fb2021-12-02T19:54:23Zgen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.3001340https://doaj.org/article/fdf010bb072f4988ad2856c0a14496fb2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001340https://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Understanding the origins of biodiversity has been an aspiration since the days of early naturalists. The immense complexity of ecological, evolutionary, and spatial processes, however, has made this goal elusive to this day. Computer models serve progress in many scientific fields, but in the fields of macroecology and macroevolution, eco-evolutionary models are comparatively less developed. We present a general, spatially explicit, eco-evolutionary engine with a modular implementation that enables the modeling of multiple macroecological and macroevolutionary processes and feedbacks across representative spatiotemporally dynamic landscapes. Modeled processes can include species' abiotic tolerances, biotic interactions, dispersal, speciation, and evolution of ecological traits. Commonly observed biodiversity patterns, such as α, β, and γ diversity, species ranges, ecological traits, and phylogenies, emerge as simulations proceed. As an illustration, we examine alternative hypotheses expected to have shaped the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) during the Earth's Cenozoic era. Our exploratory simulations simultaneously produce multiple realistic biodiversity patterns, such as the LDG, current species richness, and range size frequencies, as well as phylogenetic metrics. The model engine is open source and available as an R package, enabling future exploration of various landscapes and biological processes, while outputs can be linked with a variety of empirical biodiversity patterns. This work represents a key toward a numeric, interdisciplinary, and mechanistic understanding of the physical and biological processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.Oskar HagenBenjamin FlückFabian FoppJuliano S CabralFlorian HartigMikael PontarpThiago F RangelLoïc PellissierPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 19, Iss 7, p e3001340 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Oskar Hagen Benjamin Flück Fabian Fopp Juliano S Cabral Florian Hartig Mikael Pontarp Thiago F Rangel Loïc Pellissier gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
description	Understanding the origins of biodiversity has been an aspiration since the days of early naturalists. The immense complexity of ecological, evolutionary, and spatial processes, however, has made this goal elusive to this day. Computer models serve progress in many scientific fields, but in the fields of macroecology and macroevolution, eco-evolutionary models are comparatively less developed. We present a general, spatially explicit, eco-evolutionary engine with a modular implementation that enables the modeling of multiple macroecological and macroevolutionary processes and feedbacks across representative spatiotemporally dynamic landscapes. Modeled processes can include species' abiotic tolerances, biotic interactions, dispersal, speciation, and evolution of ecological traits. Commonly observed biodiversity patterns, such as α, β, and γ diversity, species ranges, ecological traits, and phylogenies, emerge as simulations proceed. As an illustration, we examine alternative hypotheses expected to have shaped the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) during the Earth's Cenozoic era. Our exploratory simulations simultaneously produce multiple realistic biodiversity patterns, such as the LDG, current species richness, and range size frequencies, as well as phylogenetic metrics. The model engine is open source and available as an R package, enabling future exploration of various landscapes and biological processes, while outputs can be linked with a variety of empirical biodiversity patterns. This work represents a key toward a numeric, interdisciplinary, and mechanistic understanding of the physical and biological processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
format	article
author	Oskar Hagen Benjamin Flück Fabian Fopp Juliano S Cabral Florian Hartig Mikael Pontarp Thiago F Rangel Loïc Pellissier
author_facet	Oskar Hagen Benjamin Flück Fabian Fopp Juliano S Cabral Florian Hartig Mikael Pontarp Thiago F Rangel Loïc Pellissier
author_sort	Oskar Hagen
title	gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
title_short	gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
title_full	gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
title_fullStr	gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
title_full_unstemmed	gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.
title_sort	gen3sis: a general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape earth's biodiversity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fdf010bb072f4988ad2856c0a14496fb
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gen3sis: A general engine for eco-evolutionary simulations of the processes that shape Earth's biodiversity.

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