Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties

Abstract Radiative communication using electromagnetic fields is the backbone of today’s wirelessly connected world, which implies that the physical signals are available for malicious interceptors to snoop within a 5–10 m distance, also increasing interference and reducing channel capacity. Recentl...

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Autores principales:	Mayukh Nath, Shovan Maity, Shitij Avlani, Scott Weigand, Shreyas Sen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fe21779dc4074d4c97a665c66fdcc949
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fe21779dc4074d4c97a665c66fdcc9492021-12-02T11:02:18ZInter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties10.1038/s41598-020-79788-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/fe21779dc4074d4c97a665c66fdcc9492021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79788-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Radiative communication using electromagnetic fields is the backbone of today’s wirelessly connected world, which implies that the physical signals are available for malicious interceptors to snoop within a 5–10 m distance, also increasing interference and reducing channel capacity. Recently, Electro-quasistatic Human Body Communication (EQS-HBC) was demonstrated which utilizes the human body’s conductive properties to communicate without radiating the signals outside the body. Previous experiments showed that an attack with an antenna was unsuccessful at a distance more than 1 cm from the body surface and 15 cm from an EQS-HBC device. However, since this is a new communication modality, it calls for an investigation of new attack modalities—that can potentially exploit the physics utilized in EQS-HBC to break the system. In this study, we present a novel attack method for EQS-HBC devices, using the body of the attacker itself as a coupling surface and capacitive inter-body coupling between the user and the attacker. We develop theoretical understanding backed by experimental results for inter-body coupling, as a function of distance between the subjects. We utilize this newly developed understanding to design EQS-HBC transmitters that minimizes the attack distance through inter-body coupling, as well as the interference among multiple EQS-HBC users due to inter-body coupling. This understanding will allow us to develop more secure and robust EQS-HBC based body area networks in the future.Mayukh NathShovan MaityShitij AvlaniScott WeigandShreyas SenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mayukh Nath Shovan Maity Shitij Avlani Scott Weigand Shreyas Sen Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
description	Abstract Radiative communication using electromagnetic fields is the backbone of today’s wirelessly connected world, which implies that the physical signals are available for malicious interceptors to snoop within a 5–10 m distance, also increasing interference and reducing channel capacity. Recently, Electro-quasistatic Human Body Communication (EQS-HBC) was demonstrated which utilizes the human body’s conductive properties to communicate without radiating the signals outside the body. Previous experiments showed that an attack with an antenna was unsuccessful at a distance more than 1 cm from the body surface and 15 cm from an EQS-HBC device. However, since this is a new communication modality, it calls for an investigation of new attack modalities—that can potentially exploit the physics utilized in EQS-HBC to break the system. In this study, we present a novel attack method for EQS-HBC devices, using the body of the attacker itself as a coupling surface and capacitive inter-body coupling between the user and the attacker. We develop theoretical understanding backed by experimental results for inter-body coupling, as a function of distance between the subjects. We utilize this newly developed understanding to design EQS-HBC transmitters that minimizes the attack distance through inter-body coupling, as well as the interference among multiple EQS-HBC users due to inter-body coupling. This understanding will allow us to develop more secure and robust EQS-HBC based body area networks in the future.
format	article
author	Mayukh Nath Shovan Maity Shitij Avlani Scott Weigand Shreyas Sen
author_facet	Mayukh Nath Shovan Maity Shitij Avlani Scott Weigand Shreyas Sen
author_sort	Mayukh Nath
title	Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
title_short	Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
title_full	Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
title_fullStr	Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
title_full_unstemmed	Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
title_sort	inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fe21779dc4074d4c97a665c66fdcc949
work_keys_str_mv	AT mayukhnath interbodycouplinginelectroquasistatichumanbodycommunicationtheoryandanalysisofsecurityandinterferenceproperties AT shovanmaity interbodycouplinginelectroquasistatichumanbodycommunicationtheoryandanalysisofsecurityandinterferenceproperties AT shitijavlani interbodycouplinginelectroquasistatichumanbodycommunicationtheoryandanalysisofsecurityandinterferenceproperties AT scottweigand interbodycouplinginelectroquasistatichumanbodycommunicationtheoryandanalysisofsecurityandinterferenceproperties AT shreyassen interbodycouplinginelectroquasistatichumanbodycommunicationtheoryandanalysisofsecurityandinterferenceproperties
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Inter-body coupling in electro-quasistatic human body communication: theory and analysis of security and interference properties

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