In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model

Recently, alternative therapies are gaining popularity in the treatment of epilepsy. The present study aimed to find out the antiepileptic potential of quercetin, catechin, and kaempferol. In vivo and in silico experiments were conducted to investigate their therapeutic potential. 25 mg/kg/day of pe...

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Autores principales:	Hammad Ahmed, Mahtab Ahmad Khan, Syed Awais Ali Zaidi, Sajjad Muhammad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	antiepileptic phytoflavonoids synaptic vesicle 2A hippocampus rat behavior histopathology of hippocampal sections molecular docking Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fe48afd6b48e47418f91641aedcad1b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fe48afd6b48e47418f91641aedcad1b92021-11-04T04:59:38ZIn Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model2296-418510.3389/fbioe.2021.754952https://doaj.org/article/fe48afd6b48e47418f91641aedcad1b92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.754952/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-4185Recently, alternative therapies are gaining popularity in the treatment of epilepsy. The present study aimed to find out the antiepileptic potential of quercetin, catechin, and kaempferol. In vivo and in silico experiments were conducted to investigate their therapeutic potential. 25 mg/kg/day of pentylenetetrazole was administered for 4 weeks after epilepsy was induced in the rats; this was followed by the behavioral studies and histological analysis of rat brain slices. Binding affinities of kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin were assessed by performing in silico studies. Kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin were found to have the highest binding affinity with the synaptic vesicle 2A (SV2A) protein, comparable to standard levetiracetam (LEV). The mRNA levels of SV2A, as well as the expression of TNF, IL 6, IL 1 beta, NFkB, IL 1Ra, IL 4, and IL 10, were investigated using qPCR. Our results indicate for the first time that SV2A is also a transporter of understudied phytoflavonoids, due to which a significant improvement was observed in epileptic parameters. The mRNA levels of SV2A were found to be significantly elevated in the PF-treated rats when compared with those of the control rats with epilepsy. Additionally, downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines were also noted in the PF-treated groups. It is concluded that kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin can effectively decrease the epileptic seizures in our chronic epilepsy rat model to a level that is comparable to the antiepileptic effects induced by levetiracetam drug.Hammad AhmedHammad AhmedMahtab Ahmad KhanSyed Awais Ali ZaidiSajjad MuhammadSajjad MuhammadFrontiers Media S.A.articleantiepileptic phytoflavonoidssynaptic vesicle 2Ahippocampusrat behaviorhistopathology of hippocampal sectionsmolecular dockingBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65ENFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antiepileptic phytoflavonoids synaptic vesicle 2A hippocampus rat behavior histopathology of hippocampal sections molecular docking Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65
spellingShingle	antiepileptic phytoflavonoids synaptic vesicle 2A hippocampus rat behavior histopathology of hippocampal sections molecular docking Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Hammad Ahmed Hammad Ahmed Mahtab Ahmad Khan Syed Awais Ali Zaidi Sajjad Muhammad Sajjad Muhammad In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
description	Recently, alternative therapies are gaining popularity in the treatment of epilepsy. The present study aimed to find out the antiepileptic potential of quercetin, catechin, and kaempferol. In vivo and in silico experiments were conducted to investigate their therapeutic potential. 25 mg/kg/day of pentylenetetrazole was administered for 4 weeks after epilepsy was induced in the rats; this was followed by the behavioral studies and histological analysis of rat brain slices. Binding affinities of kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin were assessed by performing in silico studies. Kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin were found to have the highest binding affinity with the synaptic vesicle 2A (SV2A) protein, comparable to standard levetiracetam (LEV). The mRNA levels of SV2A, as well as the expression of TNF, IL 6, IL 1 beta, NFkB, IL 1Ra, IL 4, and IL 10, were investigated using qPCR. Our results indicate for the first time that SV2A is also a transporter of understudied phytoflavonoids, due to which a significant improvement was observed in epileptic parameters. The mRNA levels of SV2A were found to be significantly elevated in the PF-treated rats when compared with those of the control rats with epilepsy. Additionally, downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines were also noted in the PF-treated groups. It is concluded that kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin can effectively decrease the epileptic seizures in our chronic epilepsy rat model to a level that is comparable to the antiepileptic effects induced by levetiracetam drug.
format	article
author	Hammad Ahmed Hammad Ahmed Mahtab Ahmad Khan Syed Awais Ali Zaidi Sajjad Muhammad Sajjad Muhammad
author_facet	Hammad Ahmed Hammad Ahmed Mahtab Ahmad Khan Syed Awais Ali Zaidi Sajjad Muhammad Sajjad Muhammad
author_sort	Hammad Ahmed
title	In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
title_short	In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
title_full	In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
title_fullStr	In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
title_full_unstemmed	In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model
title_sort	in silico and in vivo: evaluating the therapeutic potential of kaempferol, quercetin, and catechin to treat chronic epilepsy in a rat model
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fe48afd6b48e47418f91641aedcad1b9
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In Silico and In Vivo: Evaluating the Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Catechin to Treat Chronic Epilepsy in a Rat Model

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