Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review

The adverse effects of climate change on agriculture have been felt across the globe. Smallholder farmers in sub-Sahara Africa are particularly more vulnerable to the effects of climate change leading to loss of income and livelihood thus affecting global food security. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is...

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Autores principales:	Kevin O. Odhiambo, Basil T. Iro Ong'or, Edwin K. Kanda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	crop water requirements irrigation optimal design rainwater harvesting system smallholder farmers Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fe6cd032ada24960affb80021a8aaefc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fe6cd032ada24960affb80021a8aaefc2021-11-05T17:08:29ZOptimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review2709-80282709-803610.2166/aqua.2021.087https://doaj.org/article/fe6cd032ada24960affb80021a8aaefc2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/70/4/483https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8028https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8036The adverse effects of climate change on agriculture have been felt across the globe. Smallholder farmers in sub-Sahara Africa are particularly more vulnerable to the effects of climate change leading to loss of income and livelihood thus affecting global food security. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is emerging as a viable option to mitigate the negative effects of climate change by supporting rain-fed agriculture through supplemental irrigation. However, smallholder farmers are still grappling with a myriad of challenges hindering them from reaping the benefits of their investment in RWH systems. This review explores some of the factors behind the poor performance of RWH systems in Kenya and also seeks to suggest techniques that can be applied to optimize the design parameters for improved performance and the adoption of RWH systems. According to the review, RWH has the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change among smallholder farmers. It allows for crop production beyond the growing season through supplemental irrigation. However, their impacts have been minimal due to the consistent poor performance of RWH systems. This is attributed to inefficiencies in design and construction brought about by lack of required technical skills among RWH system designers and implementers. Proper design and implementation are therefore paramount for better performance and adoption of RWH systems in the region. This will ensure that RWH systems are reliable, technically and economically feasible as well as possess a desirable water-saving efficiency. HIGHLIGHTS Improved design of rainwater harvesting system (RWH).; Increased adoption of RWH systems.; Improved resilience to climate change among smallholder farmers.; Enhanced food security and access to clean water.; Improved performance of RWH systems.;Kevin O. OdhiamboBasil T. Iro Ong'orEdwin K. KandaIWA Publishingarticlecrop water requirementsirrigationoptimal designrainwater harvesting systemsmallholder farmersEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENAqua, Vol 70, Iss 4, Pp 483-492 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	crop water requirements irrigation optimal design rainwater harvesting system smallholder farmers Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	crop water requirements irrigation optimal design rainwater harvesting system smallholder farmers Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Kevin O. Odhiambo Basil T. Iro Ong'or Edwin K. Kanda Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
description	The adverse effects of climate change on agriculture have been felt across the globe. Smallholder farmers in sub-Sahara Africa are particularly more vulnerable to the effects of climate change leading to loss of income and livelihood thus affecting global food security. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) is emerging as a viable option to mitigate the negative effects of climate change by supporting rain-fed agriculture through supplemental irrigation. However, smallholder farmers are still grappling with a myriad of challenges hindering them from reaping the benefits of their investment in RWH systems. This review explores some of the factors behind the poor performance of RWH systems in Kenya and also seeks to suggest techniques that can be applied to optimize the design parameters for improved performance and the adoption of RWH systems. According to the review, RWH has the potential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change among smallholder farmers. It allows for crop production beyond the growing season through supplemental irrigation. However, their impacts have been minimal due to the consistent poor performance of RWH systems. This is attributed to inefficiencies in design and construction brought about by lack of required technical skills among RWH system designers and implementers. Proper design and implementation are therefore paramount for better performance and adoption of RWH systems in the region. This will ensure that RWH systems are reliable, technically and economically feasible as well as possess a desirable water-saving efficiency. HIGHLIGHTS Improved design of rainwater harvesting system (RWH).; Increased adoption of RWH systems.; Improved resilience to climate change among smallholder farmers.; Enhanced food security and access to clean water.; Improved performance of RWH systems.;
format	article
author	Kevin O. Odhiambo Basil T. Iro Ong'or Edwin K. Kanda
author_facet	Kevin O. Odhiambo Basil T. Iro Ong'or Edwin K. Kanda
author_sort	Kevin O. Odhiambo
title	Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
title_short	Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
title_full	Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
title_fullStr	Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review
title_sort	optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in kenya: a review
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fe6cd032ada24960affb80021a8aaefc
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Optimization of rainwater harvesting system design for smallholder irrigation farmers in Kenya: a review

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