Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.

<h4>Background</h4>Myelination is an exquisite and dynamic example of heterologous cell-cell interaction, which consists of the concentric wrapping of multiple layers of oligodendrocyte membrane around neuronal axons. Understanding the mechanism by which oligodendrocytes ensheath axons m...

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Autores principales:	Kalliopi Ioannidou, Kurt I Anderson, David Strachan, Julia M Edgar, Susan C Barnett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fe6de92a7f034c2a83bd7767f3c273ad
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fe6de92a7f034c2a83bd7767f3c273ad2021-11-18T07:29:10ZTime-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0030775https://doaj.org/article/fe6de92a7f034c2a83bd7767f3c273ad2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22303455/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Myelination is an exquisite and dynamic example of heterologous cell-cell interaction, which consists of the concentric wrapping of multiple layers of oligodendrocyte membrane around neuronal axons. Understanding the mechanism by which oligodendrocytes ensheath axons may bring us closer to designing strategies to promote remyelination in demyelinating diseases. The main aim of this study was to follow glial-axonal interactions over time both in vitro and ex vivo to visualize the various stages of myelination.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We took two approaches to follow myelination over time: i) time-lapse imaging of mixed CNS myelinating cultures generated from mouse spinal cord to which exogenous GFP-labelled murine cells were added, and ii) ex vivo imaging of the spinal cord of shiverer (Mbp mutant) mice, transplanted with GFP-labelled murine neurospheres. We demonstrate that oligodendrocyte-axonal interactions are dynamic events with continuous retraction and extension of oligodendroglial processes. Using cytoplasmic and membrane-GFP labelled cells to examine different components of the myelin-like sheath, we provide evidence from time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy that the oligodendrocytes' cytoplasm-filled processes initially spiral around the axon in a corkscrew-like manner. This is followed subsequently by focal expansion of the corkscrew process to form short cuffs, which then extend longitudinally along the axons. We predict from this model that these spiral cuffs must extend over each other first before extending to form internodes of myelin.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These experiments show the feasibility of visualizing the dynamics of glial-axonal interaction during myelination over time. Moreover, these approaches complement each other with the in vitro approach allowing visualization of an entire internodal length of myelin and the ex vivo approach validating the in vitro data.Kalliopi IoannidouKurt I AndersonDavid StrachanJulia M EdgarSusan C BarnettPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 1, p e30775 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kalliopi Ioannidou Kurt I Anderson David Strachan Julia M Edgar Susan C Barnett Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Myelination is an exquisite and dynamic example of heterologous cell-cell interaction, which consists of the concentric wrapping of multiple layers of oligodendrocyte membrane around neuronal axons. Understanding the mechanism by which oligodendrocytes ensheath axons may bring us closer to designing strategies to promote remyelination in demyelinating diseases. The main aim of this study was to follow glial-axonal interactions over time both in vitro and ex vivo to visualize the various stages of myelination.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We took two approaches to follow myelination over time: i) time-lapse imaging of mixed CNS myelinating cultures generated from mouse spinal cord to which exogenous GFP-labelled murine cells were added, and ii) ex vivo imaging of the spinal cord of shiverer (Mbp mutant) mice, transplanted with GFP-labelled murine neurospheres. We demonstrate that oligodendrocyte-axonal interactions are dynamic events with continuous retraction and extension of oligodendroglial processes. Using cytoplasmic and membrane-GFP labelled cells to examine different components of the myelin-like sheath, we provide evidence from time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy that the oligodendrocytes' cytoplasm-filled processes initially spiral around the axon in a corkscrew-like manner. This is followed subsequently by focal expansion of the corkscrew process to form short cuffs, which then extend longitudinally along the axons. We predict from this model that these spiral cuffs must extend over each other first before extending to form internodes of myelin.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These experiments show the feasibility of visualizing the dynamics of glial-axonal interaction during myelination over time. Moreover, these approaches complement each other with the in vitro approach allowing visualization of an entire internodal length of myelin and the ex vivo approach validating the in vitro data.
format	article
author	Kalliopi Ioannidou Kurt I Anderson David Strachan Julia M Edgar Susan C Barnett
author_facet	Kalliopi Ioannidou Kurt I Anderson David Strachan Julia M Edgar Susan C Barnett
author_sort	Kalliopi Ioannidou
title	Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
title_short	Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
title_full	Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
title_fullStr	Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
title_full_unstemmed	Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
title_sort	time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of cns glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/fe6de92a7f034c2a83bd7767f3c273ad
work_keys_str_mv	AT kalliopiioannidou timelapseimagingofthedynamicsofcnsglialaxonalinteractionsinvitroandexvivo AT kurtianderson timelapseimagingofthedynamicsofcnsglialaxonalinteractionsinvitroandexvivo AT davidstrachan timelapseimagingofthedynamicsofcnsglialaxonalinteractionsinvitroandexvivo AT juliamedgar timelapseimagingofthedynamicsofcnsglialaxonalinteractionsinvitroandexvivo AT susancbarnett timelapseimagingofthedynamicsofcnsglialaxonalinteractionsinvitroandexvivo
_version_	1718423450511474688

Time-lapse imaging of the dynamics of CNS glial-axonal interactions in vitro and ex vivo.

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