The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition

This paper examines the impact of oxide coatings on the surfaces of feedstock material used for Additive Friction Stir-Deposition (AFS-D). The AFS-D is a solid-state additive manufacturing process that uses severe plastic deformation and frictional heating to build bulk depositions from either metal...

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Autores principales:	Ning Zhu, Dustin Z. Avery, Ben A. Rutherford, Brandon J. Phillips, Paul G. Allison, J. Brian Jordon, Luke N. Brewer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	additive manufacturing friction stir AMC MMC AA6061 alumina Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fe7e03cac7dd4634b90cb2381565b505
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fe7e03cac7dd4634b90cb2381565b5052021-11-25T18:21:50ZThe Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition10.3390/met111117732075-4701https://doaj.org/article/fe7e03cac7dd4634b90cb2381565b5052021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1773https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4701This paper examines the impact of oxide coatings on the surfaces of feedstock material used for Additive Friction Stir-Deposition (AFS-D). The AFS-D is a solid-state additive manufacturing process that uses severe plastic deformation and frictional heating to build bulk depositions from either metallic rod or powder feedstock. Since aluminum alloys naturally form an oxide layer, it is important to determine the influence of the feedstock surface oxide layer on the resultant as-deposited microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, three AA6061 square-rod feedstock materials were used, each with a different thickness of aluminum oxide coating: non-anodized, 10-micron thick, and 68-micron thick. Macroscale depositions were produced with these feedstock rods using the AFS-D process. Optical and electron microscopy showed that the two oxide coatings applied through anodization were efficiently dispersed during the AFS-D process, with oxide particles distributed throughout the microstructure. These oxide particles had median sizes of 1.8 and 3 μm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The yield and tensile strengths of these materials were not measurably impacted by the thickness of the starting oxide coating. While all three feedstock material variations failed by ductile rupture, the elongation-to-failure did decrease from 68% to 55% in the longitudinal direction and from 60% to 43% in the build direction for the thickest initial oxide coating, 68 microns.Ning ZhuDustin Z. AveryBen A. RutherfordBrandon J. PhillipsPaul G. AllisonJ. Brian JordonLuke N. BrewerMDPI AGarticleadditive manufacturingfriction stirAMCMMCAA6061aluminaMining engineering. MetallurgyTN1-997ENMetals, Vol 11, Iss 1773, p 1773 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	additive manufacturing friction stir AMC MMC AA6061 alumina Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
spellingShingle	additive manufacturing friction stir AMC MMC AA6061 alumina Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997 Ning Zhu Dustin Z. Avery Ben A. Rutherford Brandon J. Phillips Paul G. Allison J. Brian Jordon Luke N. Brewer The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
description	This paper examines the impact of oxide coatings on the surfaces of feedstock material used for Additive Friction Stir-Deposition (AFS-D). The AFS-D is a solid-state additive manufacturing process that uses severe plastic deformation and frictional heating to build bulk depositions from either metallic rod or powder feedstock. Since aluminum alloys naturally form an oxide layer, it is important to determine the influence of the feedstock surface oxide layer on the resultant as-deposited microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, three AA6061 square-rod feedstock materials were used, each with a different thickness of aluminum oxide coating: non-anodized, 10-micron thick, and 68-micron thick. Macroscale depositions were produced with these feedstock rods using the AFS-D process. Optical and electron microscopy showed that the two oxide coatings applied through anodization were efficiently dispersed during the AFS-D process, with oxide particles distributed throughout the microstructure. These oxide particles had median sizes of 1.8 and 3 μm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. The yield and tensile strengths of these materials were not measurably impacted by the thickness of the starting oxide coating. While all three feedstock material variations failed by ductile rupture, the elongation-to-failure did decrease from 68% to 55% in the longitudinal direction and from 60% to 43% in the build direction for the thickest initial oxide coating, 68 microns.
format	article
author	Ning Zhu Dustin Z. Avery Ben A. Rutherford Brandon J. Phillips Paul G. Allison J. Brian Jordon Luke N. Brewer
author_facet	Ning Zhu Dustin Z. Avery Ben A. Rutherford Brandon J. Phillips Paul G. Allison J. Brian Jordon Luke N. Brewer
author_sort	Ning Zhu
title	The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
title_short	The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
title_full	The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
title_fullStr	The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
title_full_unstemmed	The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition
title_sort	effect of anodization on the mechanical properties of aa6061 produced by additive friction stir-deposition
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fe7e03cac7dd4634b90cb2381565b505
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The Effect of Anodization on the Mechanical Properties of AA6061 Produced by Additive Friction Stir-Deposition

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