Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies

To achieve high-quality chemical vapor deposition of monolayer graphene electrodes (CVD-MG), appropriate characterization at each fabrication step is essential. In this article, (1) Raman spectroscopy/microscopy are employed to unravel the contact effect between the CVD-MG and Cu foil in suspended/s...

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Autor principal:	Won-Hwa Park
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chemical vapor deposition suspended graphene Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Radial Breathing Like Mode electrostatic force microscopy graphene ripple Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fea711c5c6d545f69e149cc2461d177c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fea711c5c6d545f69e149cc2461d177c2021-11-25T18:30:15ZNano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies10.3390/nano111128392079-4991https://doaj.org/article/fea711c5c6d545f69e149cc2461d177c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2839https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991To achieve high-quality chemical vapor deposition of monolayer graphene electrodes (CVD-MG), appropriate characterization at each fabrication step is essential. In this article, (1) Raman spectroscopy/microscopy are employed to unravel the contact effect between the CVD-MG and Cu foil in suspended/supported formation. (2) The Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) system is described, unveiling the presence of a z-directional radial breathing-like mode (RBLM) around 150 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which matches the Raman shift of the radial breathing mode (RBM) from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) around 150 cm<sup>−1</sup>. This result indicates the CVD-MG located between the Au NPs and Au film is not flat but comprises heterogeneous protrusions of some domains along the z-axis. Consequently, the degree of carrier mobility can be influenced, as the protruding domains result in lower carrier mobility due to flexural phonon–electron scattering. A strongly enhanced G-peak domain, ascribed to the presence of scrolled graphene nanoribbons (sGNRs), was observed, and there remains the possibility for the fabrication of sGNRs as sources of open bandgap devices. (3) Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used for the measurement of surface charge distribution of graphene at the nanoscale and is crucial in substantiating the electrical performance of CVD-MG, which was influenced by the surface structure of the Cu foil. The ripple (RP) structures were determined using EFM correlated with Raman spectroscopy, exhibiting a higher tapping amplitude which was observed with structurally stable and hydrophobic RPs with a threading type than surrounding RPs. (4) To reduce the RP density and height, a plausible fabrication could be developed that controls the electrical properties of the CVD-MG by tuning the cooling rate.Won-Hwa ParkMDPI AGarticlechemical vapor depositionsuspended grapheneRaman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopyRadial Breathing Like Modeelectrostatic force microscopygraphene rippleChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2839, p 2839 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chemical vapor deposition suspended graphene Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Radial Breathing Like Mode electrostatic force microscopy graphene ripple Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	chemical vapor deposition suspended graphene Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Radial Breathing Like Mode electrostatic force microscopy graphene ripple Chemistry QD1-999 Won-Hwa Park Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
description	To achieve high-quality chemical vapor deposition of monolayer graphene electrodes (CVD-MG), appropriate characterization at each fabrication step is essential. In this article, (1) Raman spectroscopy/microscopy are employed to unravel the contact effect between the CVD-MG and Cu foil in suspended/supported formation. (2) The Surface-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) system is described, unveiling the presence of a z-directional radial breathing-like mode (RBLM) around 150 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which matches the Raman shift of the radial breathing mode (RBM) from single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) around 150 cm<sup>−1</sup>. This result indicates the CVD-MG located between the Au NPs and Au film is not flat but comprises heterogeneous protrusions of some domains along the z-axis. Consequently, the degree of carrier mobility can be influenced, as the protruding domains result in lower carrier mobility due to flexural phonon–electron scattering. A strongly enhanced G-peak domain, ascribed to the presence of scrolled graphene nanoribbons (sGNRs), was observed, and there remains the possibility for the fabrication of sGNRs as sources of open bandgap devices. (3) Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is used for the measurement of surface charge distribution of graphene at the nanoscale and is crucial in substantiating the electrical performance of CVD-MG, which was influenced by the surface structure of the Cu foil. The ripple (RP) structures were determined using EFM correlated with Raman spectroscopy, exhibiting a higher tapping amplitude which was observed with structurally stable and hydrophobic RPs with a threading type than surrounding RPs. (4) To reduce the RP density and height, a plausible fabrication could be developed that controls the electrical properties of the CVD-MG by tuning the cooling rate.
format	article
author	Won-Hwa Park
author_facet	Won-Hwa Park
author_sort	Won-Hwa Park
title	Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
title_short	Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
title_full	Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
title_fullStr	Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
title_full_unstemmed	Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies
title_sort	nano-physical characterization of chemical vapor deposition-grown monolayer graphene for high performance electrode: raman, surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy, and electrostatic force microscopy studies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fea711c5c6d545f69e149cc2461d177c
work_keys_str_mv	AT wonhwapark nanophysicalcharacterizationofchemicalvapordepositiongrownmonolayergrapheneforhighperformanceelectroderamansurfaceenhancedramanspectroscopyandelectrostaticforcemicroscopystudies
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Nano-Physical Characterization of Chemical Vapor Deposition-Grown Monolayer Graphene for High Performance Electrode: Raman, Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, and Electrostatic Force Microscopy Studies

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