Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.

<h4>Background</h4>Determining Schistosoma mansoni infection rate and intensity is challenging due to the low sensitivity of the Kato-Katz (KK) test that underestimates the true disease prevalence. Circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) excreted in urine is constantly produced by adult worms...

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Autores principales:	Estelle Mezajou Mewamba, Arnol Auvaker Zebaze Tiofack, Cyrille Nguemnang Kamdem, Romuald Isaka Kamwa Ngassam, Mureille Carole Tchami Mbagnia, Oscar Nyangiri, Harry Noyes, Hilaire Marcaire Womeni, Flobert Njiokou, Gustave Simo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/fec351f982274cd1a661d35cd50df0ec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:fec351f982274cd1a661d35cd50df0ec2021-12-02T20:23:46ZField assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009569https://doaj.org/article/fec351f982274cd1a661d35cd50df0ec2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009569https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Determining Schistosoma mansoni infection rate and intensity is challenging due to the low sensitivity of the Kato-Katz (KK) test that underestimates the true disease prevalence. Circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) excreted in urine is constantly produced by adult worms and has been used as the basis of a simple, non-invasive point of care test (POC-CCA) for Schistosoma mansoni infections. Although the abundance of CCA in urine is proportional to worm burden, the POC-CCA test is marketed as a qualitative test, making it difficult to investigate the wide range of infection intensities. This study was designed to compare the prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni by KK and POC-CCA and quantify, on fresh and frozen (<-20°C) urine samples, CCA using the visual scores and the ESEquant LR3 reader.<h4>Methodology</h4>Stool and urine samples were collected from 759 school-aged children. The prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni were determined using KK and POC-CCA. The degree of the positivity of POC-CCA was estimated by quantifying CCA on fresh and frozen urine samples using visual scores and strip reader. The prevalence, the infection intensity as well the relative amounts of CCA were compared.<h4>Results</h4>The S. mansoni infection rates inferred from POC-CCA and KK were 40.7% and 9.4% respectively. Good correlations were observed between infection intensities recorded by; i) the reader and visual scoring system on fresh (Rho = 0.89) and frozen samples (Rho = 0.97), ii) the reader on fresh urine samples and KK (epg) (Rho = 0.44). Nevertheless, 238 POC-CCA positive children were negative for KK, and sixteen of them had high levels of CCA. The correlation between results from the reader on fresh and frozen samples was good (Rho = 0.85). On frozen samples, CCA was not detected in 55 samples that were positive in fresh urine samples.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study confirmed the low sensitivity of KK and the high capacity of POC-CCA to provide reliable data on the prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni infections. The lateral flow reader enabled accurate quantification of CCA under field conditions on fresh and frozen urine samples with less time and effort than KK.Estelle Mezajou MewambaArnol Auvaker Zebaze TiofackCyrille Nguemnang KamdemRomuald Isaka Kamwa NgassamMureille Carole Tchami MbagniaOscar NyangiriHarry NoyesHilaire Marcaire WomeniFlobert NjiokouGustave SimoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 7, p e0009569 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Estelle Mezajou Mewamba Arnol Auvaker Zebaze Tiofack Cyrille Nguemnang Kamdem Romuald Isaka Kamwa Ngassam Mureille Carole Tchami Mbagnia Oscar Nyangiri Harry Noyes Hilaire Marcaire Womeni Flobert Njiokou Gustave Simo Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Determining Schistosoma mansoni infection rate and intensity is challenging due to the low sensitivity of the Kato-Katz (KK) test that underestimates the true disease prevalence. Circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) excreted in urine is constantly produced by adult worms and has been used as the basis of a simple, non-invasive point of care test (POC-CCA) for Schistosoma mansoni infections. Although the abundance of CCA in urine is proportional to worm burden, the POC-CCA test is marketed as a qualitative test, making it difficult to investigate the wide range of infection intensities. This study was designed to compare the prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni by KK and POC-CCA and quantify, on fresh and frozen (<-20°C) urine samples, CCA using the visual scores and the ESEquant LR3 reader.<h4>Methodology</h4>Stool and urine samples were collected from 759 school-aged children. The prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni were determined using KK and POC-CCA. The degree of the positivity of POC-CCA was estimated by quantifying CCA on fresh and frozen urine samples using visual scores and strip reader. The prevalence, the infection intensity as well the relative amounts of CCA were compared.<h4>Results</h4>The S. mansoni infection rates inferred from POC-CCA and KK were 40.7% and 9.4% respectively. Good correlations were observed between infection intensities recorded by; i) the reader and visual scoring system on fresh (Rho = 0.89) and frozen samples (Rho = 0.97), ii) the reader on fresh urine samples and KK (epg) (Rho = 0.44). Nevertheless, 238 POC-CCA positive children were negative for KK, and sixteen of them had high levels of CCA. The correlation between results from the reader on fresh and frozen samples was good (Rho = 0.85). On frozen samples, CCA was not detected in 55 samples that were positive in fresh urine samples.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study confirmed the low sensitivity of KK and the high capacity of POC-CCA to provide reliable data on the prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni infections. The lateral flow reader enabled accurate quantification of CCA under field conditions on fresh and frozen urine samples with less time and effort than KK.
format	article
author	Estelle Mezajou Mewamba Arnol Auvaker Zebaze Tiofack Cyrille Nguemnang Kamdem Romuald Isaka Kamwa Ngassam Mureille Carole Tchami Mbagnia Oscar Nyangiri Harry Noyes Hilaire Marcaire Womeni Flobert Njiokou Gustave Simo
author_facet	Estelle Mezajou Mewamba Arnol Auvaker Zebaze Tiofack Cyrille Nguemnang Kamdem Romuald Isaka Kamwa Ngassam Mureille Carole Tchami Mbagnia Oscar Nyangiri Harry Noyes Hilaire Marcaire Womeni Flobert Njiokou Gustave Simo
author_sort	Estelle Mezajou Mewamba
title	Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
title_short	Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
title_full	Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
title_fullStr	Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
title_full_unstemmed	Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
title_sort	field assessment in cameroon of a reader of poc-cca lateral flow strips for the quantification of schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/fec351f982274cd1a661d35cd50df0ec
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Field assessment in Cameroon of a reader of POC-CCA lateral flow strips for the quantification of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigen in urine.

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