Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
<i>Fagopyrum</i> spp. (buckwheat) is a dicotyledonous pseudocereal crop mainly cultivated in the north-western Himalayan regions for its highly nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. In the present investigation, molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR (inter sim...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/ff15660b38354511a76d9078d4941b82 |
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| Sumario: | <i>Fagopyrum</i> spp. (buckwheat) is a dicotyledonous pseudocereal crop mainly cultivated in the north-western Himalayan regions for its highly nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. In the present investigation, molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers on 42 accessions of four buckwheat species (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>). The 12 pre-screened ISSR primers amplified 102 bands, and amongst them 85 bands exhibited polymorphism with an average polymorphism of 82.73%. The results revealed that Shannon’s information indices (<i>I</i>) and Nei’s genetic diversity (<i>H</i>) were low for <i>F. tataricum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1028 ± 0.2307; <i>H</i> = 0.0707 ± 0.1617) and high for <i>F. esculentum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1715 ± 0.2622; <i>H</i> = 0.1164 ± 0.1796). It was estimated that within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species, the species diversity (<i>H<sub>T</sub></i>) and mean diversity (<i>H<sub>S</sub></i>) were 0.3200 and 0.1041, respectively. Molecular variance partitioning by AMOVA also indicated a significant genetic differentiation accounting for 73% among and 27% within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species. Overall, accessions of <i>F. esculentum</i> had the greatest distance from the other accessions of buckwheat species, which includes <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> as revealed by <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> distance and Nei’s unbiased genetic distance. The dendograms based on UPGMA and PCoA segregated 42 accessions of four buckwheat species into three major groups. This study clearly reveals a considerable amount of genetic diversity at the intra-specific level in <i>F. esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> accessions. The factors responsible for it are diverse geographical conditions, pollinating behavior and cultivation practices adapted in these regions. The study also indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>. |
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