Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions

<i>Fagopyrum</i> spp. (buckwheat) is a dicotyledonous pseudocereal crop mainly cultivated in the north-western Himalayan regions for its highly nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. In the present investigation, molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR (inter sim...

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Autores principales:	Fayaz Ahmad Dar, Inayatullah Tahir, Sameer H Qari, Aala A Abulfaraj, Maha Aljabri, Hesham F. Alharby, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, Reiaz Ul Rehman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	buckwheat genetic diversity ISSR markers PCoA UPGMA dendrogram Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ff15660b38354511a76d9078d4941b82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ff15660b38354511a76d9078d4941b822021-11-11T19:46:35ZMolecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions10.3390/su1321121652071-1050https://doaj.org/article/ff15660b38354511a76d9078d4941b822021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12165https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050<i>Fagopyrum</i> spp. (buckwheat) is a dicotyledonous pseudocereal crop mainly cultivated in the north-western Himalayan regions for its highly nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. In the present investigation, molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers on 42 accessions of four buckwheat species (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>). The 12 pre-screened ISSR primers amplified 102 bands, and amongst them 85 bands exhibited polymorphism with an average polymorphism of 82.73%. The results revealed that Shannon’s information indices (<i>I</i>) and Nei’s genetic diversity (<i>H</i>) were low for <i>F. tataricum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1028 ± 0.2307; <i>H</i> = 0.0707 ± 0.1617) and high for <i>F. esculentum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1715 ± 0.2622; <i>H</i> = 0.1164 ± 0.1796). It was estimated that within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species, the species diversity (<i>H<sub>T</sub></i>) and mean diversity (<i>H<sub>S</sub></i>) were 0.3200 and 0.1041, respectively. Molecular variance partitioning by AMOVA also indicated a significant genetic differentiation accounting for 73% among and 27% within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species. Overall, accessions of <i>F. esculentum</i> had the greatest distance from the other accessions of buckwheat species, which includes <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> as revealed by <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> distance and Nei’s unbiased genetic distance. The dendograms based on UPGMA and PCoA segregated 42 accessions of four buckwheat species into three major groups. This study clearly reveals a considerable amount of genetic diversity at the intra-specific level in <i>F. esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> accessions. The factors responsible for it are diverse geographical conditions, pollinating behavior and cultivation practices adapted in these regions. The study also indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>.Fayaz Ahmad DarInayatullah TahirSameer H QariAala A AbulfarajMaha AljabriHesham F. AlharbyKhalid Rehman HakeemReiaz Ul RehmanMDPI AGarticlebuckwheatgenetic diversityISSR markersPCoAUPGMA dendrogramEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12165, p 12165 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	buckwheat genetic diversity ISSR markers PCoA UPGMA dendrogram Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	buckwheat genetic diversity ISSR markers PCoA UPGMA dendrogram Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Fayaz Ahmad Dar Inayatullah Tahir Sameer H Qari Aala A Abulfaraj Maha Aljabri Hesham F. Alharby Khalid Rehman Hakeem Reiaz Ul Rehman Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
description	<i>Fagopyrum</i> spp. (buckwheat) is a dicotyledonous pseudocereal crop mainly cultivated in the north-western Himalayan regions for its highly nutritional, antioxidant and therapeutic values. In the present investigation, molecular characterization was performed by using ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) markers on 42 accessions of four buckwheat species (<i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>). The 12 pre-screened ISSR primers amplified 102 bands, and amongst them 85 bands exhibited polymorphism with an average polymorphism of 82.73%. The results revealed that Shannon’s information indices (<i>I</i>) and Nei’s genetic diversity (<i>H</i>) were low for <i>F. tataricum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1028 ± 0.2307; <i>H</i> = 0.0707 ± 0.1617) and high for <i>F. esculentum</i> (<i>I</i> = 0.1715 ± 0.2622; <i>H</i> = 0.1164 ± 0.1796). It was estimated that within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species, the species diversity (<i>H<sub>T</sub></i>) and mean diversity (<i>H<sub>S</sub></i>) were 0.3200 and 0.1041, respectively. Molecular variance partitioning by AMOVA also indicated a significant genetic differentiation accounting for 73% among and 27% within the accessions of <i>Fagopyrum</i> species. Overall, accessions of <i>F. esculentum</i> had the greatest distance from the other accessions of buckwheat species, which includes <i>F. sagittatum</i>, <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> as revealed by <i>F<sub>ST</sub></i> distance and Nei’s unbiased genetic distance. The dendograms based on UPGMA and PCoA segregated 42 accessions of four buckwheat species into three major groups. This study clearly reveals a considerable amount of genetic diversity at the intra-specific level in <i>F. esculentum</i>, <i>F. sagittatum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i> accessions. The factors responsible for it are diverse geographical conditions, pollinating behavior and cultivation practices adapted in these regions. The study also indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between <i>F. tataricum</i> and <i>F. kashmirianum</i>.
format	article
author	Fayaz Ahmad Dar Inayatullah Tahir Sameer H Qari Aala A Abulfaraj Maha Aljabri Hesham F. Alharby Khalid Rehman Hakeem Reiaz Ul Rehman
author_facet	Fayaz Ahmad Dar Inayatullah Tahir Sameer H Qari Aala A Abulfaraj Maha Aljabri Hesham F. Alharby Khalid Rehman Hakeem Reiaz Ul Rehman
author_sort	Fayaz Ahmad Dar
title	Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
title_short	Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
title_full	Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
title_fullStr	Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions
title_sort	molecular characterization and population genetic structure of <i>fagopyrum</i> species cultivated in himalayan regions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ff15660b38354511a76d9078d4941b82
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Molecular Characterization and Population Genetic Structure of <i>Fagopyrum</i> Species Cultivated in Himalayan Regions

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