Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice

Abstract In calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) progressive valvular calcification causes aortic valve dysfunction. CAVD has several risk factors such as age and dyslipidemia. Vitamin K was shown to inhibit vascular calcification in mice and valvular calcification in patients with CAVD. We studied...

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Autores principales:	Jonna Weisell, Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen, Juha Näpänkangas, Matti Jauhiainen, Jaana Rysä
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ffd20781cb1240a19bd1ecf62cb905b8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ffd20781cb1240a19bd1ecf62cb905b82021-12-02T14:06:19ZMenaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice10.1038/s41598-021-82724-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ffd20781cb1240a19bd1ecf62cb905b82021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82724-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) progressive valvular calcification causes aortic valve dysfunction. CAVD has several risk factors such as age and dyslipidemia. Vitamin K was shown to inhibit vascular calcification in mice and valvular calcification in patients with CAVD. We studied the effect of menaquinone 4 (MK4/vitamin K2) on valvular calcification in the hypercholesterolemic mouse model of CAVD. LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 male mice were fed with a Western diet for 5 months, with (n = 10) or without (n = 10) added 0.2 mg/g MK4. Body weight gain was followed weekly. Morphology of aortic valves and liver was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Plasma cholesterol levels and cytokines from hepatic tissue were assessed in the end of the study. Hepatic gene expression of lipid metabolism regulating genes were assessed after 18 h diet. MK4 exacerbated the lipoprotein lipid profile without affecting aortic valve morphology in hypercholesterolemic LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice. The MK4-containing WD diet increased plasma levels of LDL and triglycerides, hepatic steatosis, and mRNA expression of genes required for triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis. MK4 diminished levels of several cytokines and chemokines in liver, including IL-6, TNFα and MCP1, as measured by hepatic cytokine array. Consequently, MK4 may exert non-beneficial effects on circulating lipid levels, especially in hypercholesterolemic individuals.Jonna WeisellAnna-Kaisa RuotsalainenJuha NäpänkangasMatti JauhiainenJaana RysäNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jonna Weisell Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen Juha Näpänkangas Matti Jauhiainen Jaana Rysä Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
description	Abstract In calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) progressive valvular calcification causes aortic valve dysfunction. CAVD has several risk factors such as age and dyslipidemia. Vitamin K was shown to inhibit vascular calcification in mice and valvular calcification in patients with CAVD. We studied the effect of menaquinone 4 (MK4/vitamin K2) on valvular calcification in the hypercholesterolemic mouse model of CAVD. LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 male mice were fed with a Western diet for 5 months, with (n = 10) or without (n = 10) added 0.2 mg/g MK4. Body weight gain was followed weekly. Morphology of aortic valves and liver was assessed with immunohistochemistry. Plasma cholesterol levels and cytokines from hepatic tissue were assessed in the end of the study. Hepatic gene expression of lipid metabolism regulating genes were assessed after 18 h diet. MK4 exacerbated the lipoprotein lipid profile without affecting aortic valve morphology in hypercholesterolemic LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice. The MK4-containing WD diet increased plasma levels of LDL and triglycerides, hepatic steatosis, and mRNA expression of genes required for triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis. MK4 diminished levels of several cytokines and chemokines in liver, including IL-6, TNFα and MCP1, as measured by hepatic cytokine array. Consequently, MK4 may exert non-beneficial effects on circulating lipid levels, especially in hypercholesterolemic individuals.
format	article
author	Jonna Weisell Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen Juha Näpänkangas Matti Jauhiainen Jaana Rysä
author_facet	Jonna Weisell Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen Juha Näpänkangas Matti Jauhiainen Jaana Rysä
author_sort	Jonna Weisell
title	Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
title_short	Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
title_full	Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
title_fullStr	Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
title_full_unstemmed	Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
title_sort	menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ffd20781cb1240a19bd1ecf62cb905b8
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Menaquinone 4 increases plasma lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic mice

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