Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón

Background: Dexamethasone is useful as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Aim: To study the short term efficacy of dexamethasone to treat PONV in adults without prophylaxis, and compare its efficacy with that of droperidol and ondansetron. Material and methods: A prospective s...

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Autores principales:	Muñoz,Hernán R, Ibacache,Mauricio E, Mertz,Verónica F
Lenguaje:	Spanish / Castilian
Publicado:	Sociedad Médica de Santiago 2006
Materias:	Dexamethasone Droperidol Ondansetron Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000600004
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0034-988720060006000042006-08-14Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrónMuñoz,Hernán RIbacache,Mauricio EMertz,Verónica F Dexamethasone Droperidol Ondansetron Postoperative nausea and vomiting Background: Dexamethasone is useful as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Aim: To study the short term efficacy of dexamethasone to treat PONV in adults without prophylaxis, and compare its efficacy with that of droperidol and ondansetron. Material and methods: A prospective study was performed with 120 consecutive adult patients presenting PONV in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) at a University teaching hospital. During the occurrence of PONV, patients were randomized to receive in a double blind manner dexamethasone 8 mg IV (Group 1, n=40), droperidol 1.25 mg IV (Group 2, n=40), or ondansetron 2 mg IV (Group 3, n=40). Risk factors for PONV were recorded. Evaluations were made until discharge from the PACU and included presence of PONV, degree of sedation, and other potential adverse effects of the study drugs. Short term efficacy was defined as the percentage of patients free of PONV during all the stay in PACU after treatment. Results: General data was similar for the 3 groups. Mean ± SD stay in PACU after treatment was 101±34 minutes in Group 1, 93±33 minutes in Group 2, and 99±32 minutes in Group 3 (NS). Short term efficacy (CI 95%) was 55% (40-70%) in Group 1, 90% (81-99%) in Group 2, and 63% (48-78%) in Group 3 (p <0.05 for group 2 vs 1 and 3). There were no adverse effects attributable to the study drugs. Conclusions: Short term efficacy of dexamethasone to treat PONV was similar to ondansetron, but inferior to droperidol. Further studies are needed to define the duration of this effect of dexamethasoneinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Médica de SantiagoRevista médica de Chile v.134 n.6 20062006-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000600004es10.4067/S0034-98872006000600004
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	Spanish / Castilian
topic	Dexamethasone Droperidol Ondansetron Postoperative nausea and vomiting
spellingShingle	Dexamethasone Droperidol Ondansetron Postoperative nausea and vomiting Muñoz,Hernán R Ibacache,Mauricio E Mertz,Verónica F Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
description	Background: Dexamethasone is useful as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Aim: To study the short term efficacy of dexamethasone to treat PONV in adults without prophylaxis, and compare its efficacy with that of droperidol and ondansetron. Material and methods: A prospective study was performed with 120 consecutive adult patients presenting PONV in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) at a University teaching hospital. During the occurrence of PONV, patients were randomized to receive in a double blind manner dexamethasone 8 mg IV (Group 1, n=40), droperidol 1.25 mg IV (Group 2, n=40), or ondansetron 2 mg IV (Group 3, n=40). Risk factors for PONV were recorded. Evaluations were made until discharge from the PACU and included presence of PONV, degree of sedation, and other potential adverse effects of the study drugs. Short term efficacy was defined as the percentage of patients free of PONV during all the stay in PACU after treatment. Results: General data was similar for the 3 groups. Mean ± SD stay in PACU after treatment was 101±34 minutes in Group 1, 93±33 minutes in Group 2, and 99±32 minutes in Group 3 (NS). Short term efficacy (CI 95%) was 55% (40-70%) in Group 1, 90% (81-99%) in Group 2, and 63% (48-78%) in Group 3 (p <0.05 for group 2 vs 1 and 3). There were no adverse effects attributable to the study drugs. Conclusions: Short term efficacy of dexamethasone to treat PONV was similar to ondansetron, but inferior to droperidol. Further studies are needed to define the duration of this effect of dexamethasone
author	Muñoz,Hernán R Ibacache,Mauricio E Mertz,Verónica F
author_facet	Muñoz,Hernán R Ibacache,Mauricio E Mertz,Verónica F
author_sort	Muñoz,Hernán R
title	Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
title_short	Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
title_full	Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
title_fullStr	Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
title_full_unstemmed	Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
title_sort	eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón
publisher	Sociedad Médica de Santiago
publishDate	2006
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872006000600004
work_keys_str_mv	AT munozhernanr eficaciadeladexametasonaeneltratamientoagudodenauseasyvomitosposoperatorioscomparacioncondroperidolyondansetron AT ibacachemauricioe eficaciadeladexametasonaeneltratamientoagudodenauseasyvomitosposoperatorioscomparacioncondroperidolyondansetron AT mertzveronicaf eficaciadeladexametasonaeneltratamientoagudodenauseasyvomitosposoperatorioscomparacioncondroperidolyondansetron
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Eficacia de la dexametasona en el tratamiento agudo de náuseas y vómitos posoperatorios: Comparación con droperidol y ondansetrón

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