Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica

Background : Gynecomastia can be physiological or pathological. A limited study of gynecomastia is recommended during puberty and in the elderly, ages in which gynecomastia is usually considered physiological. Other authors suggest that this condition should be studied when it is painful, rapidly gr...

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Autores principales:	Devoto C,Enzo, Madariaga A,Marcia, Aravena,Lucía, Lioi C,Ximena
Lenguaje:	Spanish / Castilian
Publicado:	Sociedad Médica de Santiago 2007
Materias:	Estrogens Gynecomastia Hypogonadism
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872007000200007
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0034-988720070002000072007-03-28Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológicaDevoto C,EnzoMadariaga A,MarciaAravena,LucíaLioi C,Ximena Estrogens Gynecomastia Hypogonadism Background : Gynecomastia can be physiological or pathological. A limited study of gynecomastia is recommended during puberty and in the elderly, ages in which gynecomastia is usually considered physiological. Other authors suggest that this condition should be studied when it is painful, rapidly growing, of recent onset, when its diameter is more than 4 cm and when is associated to testicular masses. Aim: To investigate the causes of gynecomastia and to evaluate the above mentioned criteria to exclude pathological conditions. Material and methods: Prospective study of 117 patients aged 10 to 83 years, consulting for gynecomastia. All were subjected to a standardized study including a clinical examination and measurement of plasma estradiol and testosterone levels. Results: Forty one percent of gynecomastias were considered pathological and the rest, physiological. Among pathological conditions, 18 patients had an endocrine etiology (hypogonadism in ten patients, estrogen secreting tumors in three, hyperestrogenism of unknown etiology in four and peripheral resistance to androgens in one), in 17 it was secondary to medications and in 13 it was secondary to other causes (idiopathic, pesticide exposure, alcoholism, diabetes or re feeding). In 79% of 86 patients of less than 20 years, the condition was physiological and in four of five elderly subjects, it was pathological. Thirty nine percent of pathological gynecomastias lacked the signs and symptoms that according to authors, should prompt a thorough study. Conclusions: All patients with gynecomastia should be studied with a complete medical history and the measurement of estradiol and testosterone levels. The criteria proposed to conduct minimal studies in gynecomastia, would miss a large volume of pathological conditionsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Médica de SantiagoRevista médica de Chile v.135 n.2 20072007-02-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872007000200007es10.4067/S0034-98872007000200007
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	Spanish / Castilian
topic	Estrogens Gynecomastia Hypogonadism
spellingShingle	Estrogens Gynecomastia Hypogonadism Devoto C,Enzo Madariaga A,Marcia Aravena,Lucía Lioi C,Ximena Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
description	Background : Gynecomastia can be physiological or pathological. A limited study of gynecomastia is recommended during puberty and in the elderly, ages in which gynecomastia is usually considered physiological. Other authors suggest that this condition should be studied when it is painful, rapidly growing, of recent onset, when its diameter is more than 4 cm and when is associated to testicular masses. Aim: To investigate the causes of gynecomastia and to evaluate the above mentioned criteria to exclude pathological conditions. Material and methods: Prospective study of 117 patients aged 10 to 83 years, consulting for gynecomastia. All were subjected to a standardized study including a clinical examination and measurement of plasma estradiol and testosterone levels. Results: Forty one percent of gynecomastias were considered pathological and the rest, physiological. Among pathological conditions, 18 patients had an endocrine etiology (hypogonadism in ten patients, estrogen secreting tumors in three, hyperestrogenism of unknown etiology in four and peripheral resistance to androgens in one), in 17 it was secondary to medications and in 13 it was secondary to other causes (idiopathic, pesticide exposure, alcoholism, diabetes or re feeding). In 79% of 86 patients of less than 20 years, the condition was physiological and in four of five elderly subjects, it was pathological. Thirty nine percent of pathological gynecomastias lacked the signs and symptoms that according to authors, should prompt a thorough study. Conclusions: All patients with gynecomastia should be studied with a complete medical history and the measurement of estradiol and testosterone levels. The criteria proposed to conduct minimal studies in gynecomastia, would miss a large volume of pathological conditions
author	Devoto C,Enzo Madariaga A,Marcia Aravena,Lucía Lioi C,Ximena
author_facet	Devoto C,Enzo Madariaga A,Marcia Aravena,Lucía Lioi C,Ximena
author_sort	Devoto C,Enzo
title	Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
title_short	Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
title_full	Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
title_fullStr	Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
title_full_unstemmed	Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
title_sort	etiología de la ginecomastía: importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica
publisher	Sociedad Médica de Santiago
publishDate	2007
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872007000200007
work_keys_str_mv	AT devotocenzo etiologiadelaginecomastiaimportanciadenosubdiagnosticarunaginecomastiapatologica AT madariagaamarcia etiologiadelaginecomastiaimportanciadenosubdiagnosticarunaginecomastiapatologica AT aravenalucia etiologiadelaginecomastiaimportanciadenosubdiagnosticarunaginecomastiapatologica AT lioicximena etiologiadelaginecomastiaimportanciadenosubdiagnosticarunaginecomastiapatologica
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Etiología de la ginecomastía: Importancia de no subdiagnosticar una ginecomastia patológica

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