Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática

Background: Heading professional soccer balls can generate mild traumatic brain injury in children. The long-term consequences could include difficulty in solving problems and deficits in memory and language. Aim: To assess the impact of a professional adult soccer ball on a child´s head, using the...

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Autores principales:	Ponce,Ernesto, Pérez,Jesús, Ponce,Daniel, Andresen,Max
Lenguaje:	Spanish / Castilian
Publicado:	Sociedad Médica de Santiago 2011
Materias:	Brain injuries Models theoretical Soccer
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872011000800017
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0034-988720110008000172011-12-20Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemáticaPonce,ErnestoPérez,JesúsPonce,DanielAndresen,Max Brain injuries Models theoretical Soccer Background: Heading professional soccer balls can generate mild traumatic brain injury in children. The long-term consequences could include difficulty in solving problems and deficits in memory and language. Aim: To assess the impact of a professional adult soccer ball on a child´s head, using the finite element method and dynamic effects to predict brain damage. Material and Methods: The minimum conditions of an adult game were considered: the ball speed was 6 m/s and the diffuse blow was 345 and 369 Newtons (N), on the forehead and top of the head, respectively. A head was modeled in order to know the stresses, strains and displacements generated by the impacts. The extent of the alteration was determined by comparing the strength of brain tissue, with predictions of computed stresses. The geometric characteristics of the head were transferred from medical images. The input data of the materials of a child´s head was obtained from the literature. Results: In the case of heading with the forehead, mathematical simulation showed frontal lobe alterations, with brain stresses between 0.064 and 0.059 N/mm2. When the heading was with the upper head zone, the brain alterations were in the parietal lobe, with stresses between 0.089 and 0.067 N/mm². In the cerebral spinal fluid the pressure was 3.61 to 3.24 N/mm2. Conclusions: The mathematical simulations reveal evidence of brain alterations caused by a child heading adult soccer balls. The model presented is an economical and quick tool that can help predict brain damage. It demonstrates the ability of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to absorb shock loads.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Médica de SantiagoRevista médica de Chile v.139 n.8 20112011-08-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872011000800017es10.4067/S0034-98872011000800017
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	Spanish / Castilian
topic	Brain injuries Models theoretical Soccer
spellingShingle	Brain injuries Models theoretical Soccer Ponce,Ernesto Pérez,Jesús Ponce,Daniel Andresen,Max Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
description	Background: Heading professional soccer balls can generate mild traumatic brain injury in children. The long-term consequences could include difficulty in solving problems and deficits in memory and language. Aim: To assess the impact of a professional adult soccer ball on a child´s head, using the finite element method and dynamic effects to predict brain damage. Material and Methods: The minimum conditions of an adult game were considered: the ball speed was 6 m/s and the diffuse blow was 345 and 369 Newtons (N), on the forehead and top of the head, respectively. A head was modeled in order to know the stresses, strains and displacements generated by the impacts. The extent of the alteration was determined by comparing the strength of brain tissue, with predictions of computed stresses. The geometric characteristics of the head were transferred from medical images. The input data of the materials of a child´s head was obtained from the literature. Results: In the case of heading with the forehead, mathematical simulation showed frontal lobe alterations, with brain stresses between 0.064 and 0.059 N/mm2. When the heading was with the upper head zone, the brain alterations were in the parietal lobe, with stresses between 0.089 and 0.067 N/mm². In the cerebral spinal fluid the pressure was 3.61 to 3.24 N/mm2. Conclusions: The mathematical simulations reveal evidence of brain alterations caused by a child heading adult soccer balls. The model presented is an economical and quick tool that can help predict brain damage. It demonstrates the ability of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to absorb shock loads.
author	Ponce,Ernesto Pérez,Jesús Ponce,Daniel Andresen,Max
author_facet	Ponce,Ernesto Pérez,Jesús Ponce,Daniel Andresen,Max
author_sort	Ponce,Ernesto
title	Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
title_short	Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
title_full	Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
title_fullStr	Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
title_full_unstemmed	Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática
title_sort	traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: modelo de simulación matemática
publisher	Sociedad Médica de Santiago
publishDate	2011
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872011000800017
work_keys_str_mv	AT ponceernesto traumascerebralesenninossecundariosacabeceodebalonesenfutbolmodelodesimulacionmatematica AT perezjesus traumascerebralesenninossecundariosacabeceodebalonesenfutbolmodelodesimulacionmatematica AT poncedaniel traumascerebralesenninossecundariosacabeceodebalonesenfutbolmodelodesimulacionmatematica AT andresenmax traumascerebralesenninossecundariosacabeceodebalonesenfutbolmodelodesimulacionmatematica
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Traumas cerebrales en niños secundarios a cabeceo de balones en fútbol: Modelo de simulación matemática

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