Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas

Autoimmune encephalitis are one of the emergent causes of subacute changes in the level of consciousness, behavior, cognitive impairment and seizures, mainly in young people. They are a consequence of inflammation or dysfunction of parts of the brain caused by antibodies against specific brain antig...

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Autores principales:	Collao-Parra,Juan Pablo, Romero-Urra,César, Delgado-Derio,Carolina
Lenguaje:	Spanish / Castilian
Publicado:	Sociedad Médica de Santiago 2018
Materias:	Autoimmunity Encephalitis Receptors N-Methyl D-Aspartate
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872018000300351
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0034-988720180003003512018-06-20Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticasCollao-Parra,Juan PabloRomero-Urra,CésarDelgado-Derio,Carolina Autoimmunity Encephalitis Receptors N-Methyl D-Aspartate Autoimmune encephalitis are one of the emergent causes of subacute changes in the level of consciousness, behavior, cognitive impairment and seizures, mainly in young people. They are a consequence of inflammation or dysfunction of parts of the brain caused by antibodies against specific brain antigens, usually located in the limbic system, resulting in clinical presentation as a limbic encephalitis. The objectives of this article are to show the clinical presentation, complementary studies and treatment of this entity, considering that the patient's prognostic depends on a high level of clinical suspicion, and on an early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. We did a nonsystematic review of the literature on autoimmune encephalitis between 2005 and 2017. We conclude that the prevalence of autoimmune encephalitis is increasing, even surpassing infectious causes of encephalitis in developed countries. Clinical presentation includes sub-acute cognitive and behavioral impairment, with or without alterations in consciousness and seizures. Fever and inflammation of the cerebrospinal fluid are less common than in the infectious causes but psychiatric symptoms are more frequent. There are specific clinical presentations according to the particular type of antigen/antibody present, which also determines the association with cancer, constituting a paraneoplastic syndrome only in some cases. Immunosuppressive therapy has been standardized in steps, and should be initiated early to improve prognosis.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Médica de SantiagoRevista médica de Chile v.146 n.3 20182018-03-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872018000300351es10.4067/s0034-98872018000300351
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	Spanish / Castilian
topic	Autoimmunity Encephalitis Receptors N-Methyl D-Aspartate
spellingShingle	Autoimmunity Encephalitis Receptors N-Methyl D-Aspartate Collao-Parra,Juan Pablo Romero-Urra,César Delgado-Derio,Carolina Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
description	Autoimmune encephalitis are one of the emergent causes of subacute changes in the level of consciousness, behavior, cognitive impairment and seizures, mainly in young people. They are a consequence of inflammation or dysfunction of parts of the brain caused by antibodies against specific brain antigens, usually located in the limbic system, resulting in clinical presentation as a limbic encephalitis. The objectives of this article are to show the clinical presentation, complementary studies and treatment of this entity, considering that the patient's prognostic depends on a high level of clinical suspicion, and on an early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. We did a nonsystematic review of the literature on autoimmune encephalitis between 2005 and 2017. We conclude that the prevalence of autoimmune encephalitis is increasing, even surpassing infectious causes of encephalitis in developed countries. Clinical presentation includes sub-acute cognitive and behavioral impairment, with or without alterations in consciousness and seizures. Fever and inflammation of the cerebrospinal fluid are less common than in the infectious causes but psychiatric symptoms are more frequent. There are specific clinical presentations according to the particular type of antigen/antibody present, which also determines the association with cancer, constituting a paraneoplastic syndrome only in some cases. Immunosuppressive therapy has been standardized in steps, and should be initiated early to improve prognosis.
author	Collao-Parra,Juan Pablo Romero-Urra,César Delgado-Derio,Carolina
author_facet	Collao-Parra,Juan Pablo Romero-Urra,César Delgado-Derio,Carolina
author_sort	Collao-Parra,Juan Pablo
title	Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
title_short	Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
title_full	Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
title_fullStr	Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
title_full_unstemmed	Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
title_sort	encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas
publisher	Sociedad Médica de Santiago
publishDate	2018
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872018000300351
work_keys_str_mv	AT collaoparrajuanpablo encefalitisautoinmunescriteriosdiagnosticosypautasterapeuticas AT romerourracesar encefalitisautoinmunescriteriosdiagnosticosypautasterapeuticas AT delgadoderiocarolina encefalitisautoinmunescriteriosdiagnosticosypautasterapeuticas
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Encefalitis autoinmunes: criterios diagnósticos y pautas terapéuticas

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