The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

Freshwater and marine organisms show similar models of parental care and are faced with similar constraints to brood, which suggest that comparable environmental limits drive the evolution of parental care in aquatic systems. In fact, the low diffusion coefficient and solubility of oxygen in aquatic...

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Autores principales:	FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAM, PAPPALARDO,PAULA, JENO,KATHERINE
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad de Biología de Chile 2006
Materias:	brooding intracapsular development gastropods oxygen temperature
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2006000200002
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0716-078X20060002000022006-07-24The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAMPAPPALARDO,PAULAJENO,KATHERINE brooding intracapsular development gastropods oxygen temperature Freshwater and marine organisms show similar models of parental care and are faced with similar constraints to brood, which suggest that comparable environmental limits drive the evolution of parental care in aquatic systems. In fact, the low diffusion coefficient and solubility of oxygen in aquatic environments affect oxygen acquisition and therefore the capacity to aggregate embryos. The effect of other critical environmental variables, such as temperature, is less clear. We assessed the effects of temperature and oxygen availability on (1) the number of developed and undeveloped encapsulated embryos, (2) the proportion of embryos reaching advanced stages during intracapsular development (counting not only developed and undeveloped embryos but also abnormal embryos), (3) asynchrony in development (estimated only in capsules in which development occurred), and (4) final embryo size, as the first step toward identifying the main factors constraining parental care in the ocean. We used the gastropod Acanthina monodon as a model because it has an extended latitudinal range of distribution and exhibits feeding larvae during intracapsular development. The latter factor is relevant because previous studies have suggested that sibling cannibalism could be triggered by intracapsular competition for oxygen. Freshly laid egg capsules were collected and incubated until embryos hatched under different experimental temperatures (7, 11, 15 and 19 °C) and oxygen conditions (hypoxia: 50-60 % air saturation; normoxia; and hyperoxia: 150-160 %). More embryos remained in early stages at the end of the experimental period under hypoxia and at the highest experimental temperature. The mean number of developed embryos was significantly lower under hypoxia conditions than under normoxia and hyperoxia, but was not influenced by temperature. However, temperature negatively affected embryo size of developed embryos and the level of asynchrony (number of different developmental stages per capsule). This suggests that even when a comparable number of embryos develops at high temperature, subsequent survival may be affected, since developed embryos attained smaller sizes. The negative effect of high temperature on embryo aggregation has also been reported for Brachyuran crabs, affecting female patterns of oxygen provision and brooding costs. This evidence suggests that aggregating embryos in the ocean, even under optimum oxygen conditions, may be negatively affected at high temperatures. Spatial patterns of distribution of brooding species in the ocean tend to agree with this prediction. Our analysis is particularly relevant given the current increase in temperature and the proportion of anoxic areas in the world's oceansinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad de Biología de ChileRevista chilena de historia natural v.79 n.2 20062006-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2006000200002en10.4067/S0716-078X2006000200002
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	brooding intracapsular development gastropods oxygen temperature
spellingShingle	brooding intracapsular development gastropods oxygen temperature FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAM PAPPALARDO,PAULA JENO,KATHERINE The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
description	Freshwater and marine organisms show similar models of parental care and are faced with similar constraints to brood, which suggest that comparable environmental limits drive the evolution of parental care in aquatic systems. In fact, the low diffusion coefficient and solubility of oxygen in aquatic environments affect oxygen acquisition and therefore the capacity to aggregate embryos. The effect of other critical environmental variables, such as temperature, is less clear. We assessed the effects of temperature and oxygen availability on (1) the number of developed and undeveloped encapsulated embryos, (2) the proportion of embryos reaching advanced stages during intracapsular development (counting not only developed and undeveloped embryos but also abnormal embryos), (3) asynchrony in development (estimated only in capsules in which development occurred), and (4) final embryo size, as the first step toward identifying the main factors constraining parental care in the ocean. We used the gastropod Acanthina monodon as a model because it has an extended latitudinal range of distribution and exhibits feeding larvae during intracapsular development. The latter factor is relevant because previous studies have suggested that sibling cannibalism could be triggered by intracapsular competition for oxygen. Freshly laid egg capsules were collected and incubated until embryos hatched under different experimental temperatures (7, 11, 15 and 19 °C) and oxygen conditions (hypoxia: 50-60 % air saturation; normoxia; and hyperoxia: 150-160 %). More embryos remained in early stages at the end of the experimental period under hypoxia and at the highest experimental temperature. The mean number of developed embryos was significantly lower under hypoxia conditions than under normoxia and hyperoxia, but was not influenced by temperature. However, temperature negatively affected embryo size of developed embryos and the level of asynchrony (number of different developmental stages per capsule). This suggests that even when a comparable number of embryos develops at high temperature, subsequent survival may be affected, since developed embryos attained smaller sizes. The negative effect of high temperature on embryo aggregation has also been reported for Brachyuran crabs, affecting female patterns of oxygen provision and brooding costs. This evidence suggests that aggregating embryos in the ocean, even under optimum oxygen conditions, may be negatively affected at high temperatures. Spatial patterns of distribution of brooding species in the ocean tend to agree with this prediction. Our analysis is particularly relevant given the current increase in temperature and the proportion of anoxic areas in the world's oceans
author	FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAM PAPPALARDO,PAULA JENO,KATHERINE
author_facet	FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAM PAPPALARDO,PAULA JENO,KATHERINE
author_sort	FERNÁNDEZ,MIRIAM
title	The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
title_short	The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
title_full	The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
title_fullStr	The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)
title_sort	effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of acanthina monodon (gastropoda: muricidae)
publisher	Sociedad de Biología de Chile
publishDate	2006
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2006000200002
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The effects of temperature and oxygen availability on intracapsular development of Acanthina monodon (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

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