Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation

Ribosome recruitment to eukaryotic mRNAs is generally thought to occur by a scanning mechanism, whereby the 40S ribosomal subunit binds in the vicinity of the 5'cap structure of the mRNA and scans until an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context. Study of the picornaviruses...

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Autores principales:	LÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELO, RIVAS,ANDREA, BARRÍA,MARÍA INÉS
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad de Biología de Chile 2005
Materias:	protein synthesis translation initiation internal ribosome entry segment
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602005000200003
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0716-976020050002000032007-01-04Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiationLÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELORIVAS,ANDREABARRÍA,MARÍA INÉS protein synthesis translation initiation internal ribosome entry segment Ribosome recruitment to eukaryotic mRNAs is generally thought to occur by a scanning mechanism, whereby the 40S ribosomal subunit binds in the vicinity of the 5'cap structure of the mRNA and scans until an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context. Study of the picornaviruses allowed the characterization of an alternative mechanism of translation initiation. Picornaviruses can initiate translation via an internal ribosome entry segment (IRES), an RNA structure that directly recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion. Since its discovery, the notion of IRESs has extended to a number of different virus families and cellular RNAs. This review summarizes features of both cap-dependent and IRES-dependent mechanisms of translation initiation and discusses the role of cis-acting elements, which include the 5'cap, the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and the poly(A) tail as well as the possible roles of IRESs as part of a cellular stress response mechanism and in the virus replication cycleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad de Biología de ChileBiological Research v.38 n.2-3 20052005-01-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602005000200003en10.4067/S0716-97602005000200003
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	protein synthesis translation initiation internal ribosome entry segment
spellingShingle	protein synthesis translation initiation internal ribosome entry segment LÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELO RIVAS,ANDREA BARRÍA,MARÍA INÉS Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
description	Ribosome recruitment to eukaryotic mRNAs is generally thought to occur by a scanning mechanism, whereby the 40S ribosomal subunit binds in the vicinity of the 5'cap structure of the mRNA and scans until an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context. Study of the picornaviruses allowed the characterization of an alternative mechanism of translation initiation. Picornaviruses can initiate translation via an internal ribosome entry segment (IRES), an RNA structure that directly recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion. Since its discovery, the notion of IRESs has extended to a number of different virus families and cellular RNAs. This review summarizes features of both cap-dependent and IRES-dependent mechanisms of translation initiation and discusses the role of cis-acting elements, which include the 5'cap, the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and the poly(A) tail as well as the possible roles of IRESs as part of a cellular stress response mechanism and in the virus replication cycle
author	LÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELO RIVAS,ANDREA BARRÍA,MARÍA INÉS
author_facet	LÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELO RIVAS,ANDREA BARRÍA,MARÍA INÉS
author_sort	LÓPEZ-LASTRA,MARCELO
title	Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
title_short	Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
title_full	Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
title_fullStr	Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
title_full_unstemmed	Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
title_sort	protein synthesis in eukaryotes: the growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation
publisher	Sociedad de Biología de Chile
publishDate	2005
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602005000200003
work_keys_str_mv	AT lopezlastramarcelo proteinsynthesisineukaryotesthegrowingbiologicalrelevanceofcapindependenttranslationinitiation AT rivasandrea proteinsynthesisineukaryotesthegrowingbiologicalrelevanceofcapindependenttranslationinitiation AT barriamariaines proteinsynthesisineukaryotesthegrowingbiologicalrelevanceofcapindependenttranslationinitiation
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Protein synthesis in eukaryotes: The growing biological relevance of cap-independent translation initiation

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