Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway

BACKGROUND: Despite manifold benefits of nanoparticles (NPs), less information on the risks of NPs to human health and environment has been studied. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) have been reported to cause toxicity in several organisms. In this study, we have investigated the role of Co3O4...

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Autores principales:	Faisal,Mohammad, Saquib,Quaiser, Alatar,Abdulrahman A., Al-Khedhairy,Abdulaziz A., Ahmed,Mukhtar, Ansari,Sabiha M., Alwathnani,Hend A., Dwivedi,Sourabh, Musarrat,Javed, Praveen,Shelly
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad de Biología de Chile 2016
Materias:	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles Nanotoxicity DNA damage Apoptosis Oxidative stress
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100020
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0716-976020160001000202016-12-01Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathwayFaisal,MohammadSaquib,QuaiserAlatar,Abdulrahman A.Al-Khedhairy,Abdulaziz A.Ahmed,MukhtarAnsari,Sabiha M.Alwathnani,Hend A.Dwivedi,SourabhMusarrat,JavedPraveen,Shelly Cobalt oxide nanoparticles Nanotoxicity DNA damage Apoptosis Oxidative stress BACKGROUND: Despite manifold benefits of nanoparticles (NPs), less information on the risks of NPs to human health and environment has been studied. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) have been reported to cause toxicity in several organisms. In this study, we have investigated the role of Co3O4-NPs in inducing phytotoxicity, cellular DNA damage and apoptosis in eggplant (Solanum melongena L. cv. Violetta lunga 2). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on Co3O4-NPs showing phytotoxicity in eggplant. RESULTS: The data revealed that eggplant seeds treated with Co3O4-NPs for 2 h at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml retarded root length by 81.5 % upon 7 days incubation in a moist chamber. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated the uptake and translocation of Co3O4-NPs into the cytoplasm. Intracellular presence of Co3O4-NPs triggered subcellular changes such as degeneration of mitochondrial cristae, abundance of peroxisomes and excessive vacuolization. Flow cytometric analysis of Co3O4-NPs (1.0 mg/ml) treated root protoplasts revealed 157, 282 and 178 % increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane potential (APm) and nitric oxide (NO), respectively. Besides, the esterase activity in treated protoplasts was also found compromised. About 2.4-fold greater level of DNA damage, as compared to untreated control was observed in Comet assay, and 73.2 % of Co3O4-NPs treated cells appeared apoptotic in flow cytometry based cell cycle analysis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrate the phytotoxic potential of Co3O4-NPs in terms of reduction in seed germination, root growth, greater level of DNA and mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress and cell death in eggplant. The data generated from this study will provide a strong background to draw attention on Co3O4-NPs environmental hazards to vegetable crops.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad de Biología de ChileBiological Research v.49 20162016-01-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100020en10.1186/s40659-016-0080-9
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles Nanotoxicity DNA damage Apoptosis Oxidative stress
spellingShingle	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles Nanotoxicity DNA damage Apoptosis Oxidative stress Faisal,Mohammad Saquib,Quaiser Alatar,Abdulrahman A. Al-Khedhairy,Abdulaziz A. Ahmed,Mukhtar Ansari,Sabiha M. Alwathnani,Hend A. Dwivedi,Sourabh Musarrat,Javed Praveen,Shelly Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
description	BACKGROUND: Despite manifold benefits of nanoparticles (NPs), less information on the risks of NPs to human health and environment has been studied. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4-NPs) have been reported to cause toxicity in several organisms. In this study, we have investigated the role of Co3O4-NPs in inducing phytotoxicity, cellular DNA damage and apoptosis in eggplant (Solanum melongena L. cv. Violetta lunga 2). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on Co3O4-NPs showing phytotoxicity in eggplant. RESULTS: The data revealed that eggplant seeds treated with Co3O4-NPs for 2 h at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml retarded root length by 81.5 % upon 7 days incubation in a moist chamber. Ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated the uptake and translocation of Co3O4-NPs into the cytoplasm. Intracellular presence of Co3O4-NPs triggered subcellular changes such as degeneration of mitochondrial cristae, abundance of peroxisomes and excessive vacuolization. Flow cytometric analysis of Co3O4-NPs (1.0 mg/ml) treated root protoplasts revealed 157, 282 and 178 % increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), membrane potential (APm) and nitric oxide (NO), respectively. Besides, the esterase activity in treated protoplasts was also found compromised. About 2.4-fold greater level of DNA damage, as compared to untreated control was observed in Comet assay, and 73.2 % of Co3O4-NPs treated cells appeared apoptotic in flow cytometry based cell cycle analysis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrate the phytotoxic potential of Co3O4-NPs in terms of reduction in seed germination, root growth, greater level of DNA and mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress and cell death in eggplant. The data generated from this study will provide a strong background to draw attention on Co3O4-NPs environmental hazards to vegetable crops.
author	Faisal,Mohammad Saquib,Quaiser Alatar,Abdulrahman A. Al-Khedhairy,Abdulaziz A. Ahmed,Mukhtar Ansari,Sabiha M. Alwathnani,Hend A. Dwivedi,Sourabh Musarrat,Javed Praveen,Shelly
author_facet	Faisal,Mohammad Saquib,Quaiser Alatar,Abdulrahman A. Al-Khedhairy,Abdulaziz A. Ahmed,Mukhtar Ansari,Sabiha M. Alwathnani,Hend A. Dwivedi,Sourabh Musarrat,Javed Praveen,Shelly
author_sort	Faisal,Mohammad
title	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
title_short	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
title_full	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
title_fullStr	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
title_full_unstemmed	Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway
title_sort	cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate dna damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and no signaling pathway
publisher	Sociedad de Biología de Chile
publishDate	2016
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602016000100020
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Cobalt oxide nanoparticles aggravate DNA damage and cell death in eggplant via mitochondrial swelling and NO signaling pathway

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