Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement

Integrated pest management has historically placed great hopes on host plant resistance. However, conventional host-plant resistance to insects involves quantitative traits at several loci. As a result, the progress has been slow and difficult to achieve. With the advent of genetic transformation te...

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Autores principales:	Sharma,Hari C., Sharma,Kiran K., Seetharama,Nadoor, Ortiz,Rodomiro
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso 2000
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582000000200001
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-345820000002000012003-10-13Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvementSharma,Hari C.Sharma,Kiran K.Seetharama,NadoorOrtiz,Rodomiro Integrated pest management has historically placed great hopes on host plant resistance. However, conventional host-plant resistance to insects involves quantitative traits at several loci. As a result, the progress has been slow and difficult to achieve. With the advent of genetic transformation techniques, it has become possible to clone and insert genes into the crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests. Resistance to insects has been demonstrated in transgenic plants expressing genes for delta-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), protease inhibitors, enzymes and plant lectins. Most of the plant derived genes produce chronic rather than toxic effects and some insect pests are not sensitive to some of these factors. The potential of plant derived genes can be realised by deploying them in combination with host plant resistance and exotic genes. Genes conferring resistance to insects have been inserted into crop plants such as maize, cotton, potato, tobacco, potatoes, rice, broccoli, lettuce, walnuts, apples, alfalfa and soybean. Genetically transformed crops with Bt genes have been deployed for cultivation in USA, China and Australia. However, very little has been done to use this technology for improving crop production in the harsh environments of the tropics, where the need for increasing food production is most urgent. International agricultural research centres, advanced research institutes and the seed sector should make an effort to use these new tools for increasing food production in poorer regions of the world. There is an urgent need to develop a scientifically sound strategy to deploy exotic and plant derived genes for minimising the extent of losses caused by insect pests. Equally important is the need for following the biosafety regulations, more responsible public debate, social attitude and better presentation of the benefits for a rational deployment of the genetically transformed plants. <A NAME="Article"></A>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoElectronic Journal of Biotechnology v.3 n.2 20002000-08-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582000000200001en
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
description	Integrated pest management has historically placed great hopes on host plant resistance. However, conventional host-plant resistance to insects involves quantitative traits at several loci. As a result, the progress has been slow and difficult to achieve. With the advent of genetic transformation techniques, it has become possible to clone and insert genes into the crop plants to confer resistance to insect pests. Resistance to insects has been demonstrated in transgenic plants expressing genes for delta-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), protease inhibitors, enzymes and plant lectins. Most of the plant derived genes produce chronic rather than toxic effects and some insect pests are not sensitive to some of these factors. The potential of plant derived genes can be realised by deploying them in combination with host plant resistance and exotic genes. Genes conferring resistance to insects have been inserted into crop plants such as maize, cotton, potato, tobacco, potatoes, rice, broccoli, lettuce, walnuts, apples, alfalfa and soybean. Genetically transformed crops with Bt genes have been deployed for cultivation in USA, China and Australia. However, very little has been done to use this technology for improving crop production in the harsh environments of the tropics, where the need for increasing food production is most urgent. International agricultural research centres, advanced research institutes and the seed sector should make an effort to use these new tools for increasing food production in poorer regions of the world. There is an urgent need to develop a scientifically sound strategy to deploy exotic and plant derived genes for minimising the extent of losses caused by insect pests. Equally important is the need for following the biosafety regulations, more responsible public debate, social attitude and better presentation of the benefits for a rational deployment of the genetically transformed plants. <A NAME="Article"></A>
author	Sharma,Hari C. Sharma,Kiran K. Seetharama,Nadoor Ortiz,Rodomiro
spellingShingle	Sharma,Hari C. Sharma,Kiran K. Seetharama,Nadoor Ortiz,Rodomiro Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
author_facet	Sharma,Hari C. Sharma,Kiran K. Seetharama,Nadoor Ortiz,Rodomiro
author_sort	Sharma,Hari C.
title	Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
title_short	Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
title_full	Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
title_fullStr	Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
title_full_unstemmed	Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
title_sort	prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement
publisher	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
publishDate	2000
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582000000200001
work_keys_str_mv	AT sharmaharic prospectsforusingtransgenicresistancetoinsectsincropimprovement AT sharmakirank prospectsforusingtransgenicresistancetoinsectsincropimprovement AT seetharamanadoor prospectsforusingtransgenicresistancetoinsectsincropimprovement AT ortizrodomiro prospectsforusingtransgenicresistancetoinsectsincropimprovement
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Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement

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