Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures

The preservation of embryogenic lines derived from several endangered local grapevine cultivars was studied. Embryogenic calluses were obtained from immature anthers of eight cultivars, sampled on both fruity-cuttings and field grown vines. Anthers at the 'separated flower' stage, derived...

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Autores principales:	Bouamama,Badra, Jardak,Rahma, Salem,Asma Ben, Ghorbel,Abdelwahed, Mliki,Ahmed
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso 2009
Materias:	forced anthers long-term maintenance somatic embryos Vitis vinifera
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000200006
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-345820090002000062009-10-20Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic culturesBouamama,BadraJardak,RahmaSalem,Asma BenGhorbel,AbdelwahedMliki,Ahmed forced anthers long-term maintenance somatic embryos Vitis vinifera The preservation of embryogenic lines derived from several endangered local grapevine cultivars was studied. Embryogenic calluses were obtained from immature anthers of eight cultivars, sampled on both fruity-cuttings and field grown vines. Anthers at the 'separated flower' stage, derived from fruity-cuttings, resulted in an increased induction of somatic embryogenesis, compared to those derived from the field. Pro-embryogenic calluses were induced on Chée and Pool (1987) basal medium, supplemented with 9 µM of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 11.35 µM of thidiazuron (TDZ) under dark conditions. Different anther zones (filament, abaxial, adaxial, lateral zones and entire anthers) were involved in somatic embryogenesis induction. The percentages of granular and yellowish pro-embryogenic calluses ranged between 15.6% and 34.8% in 'Kahli Kerkennah' and 'Muscat Raf-raf' cultivars, respectively. Although, morphological diversifications of pro-embryogenic calluses (several necrosis and spontaneous maturation) were observed on the induction mediumafter 5 subcultures. The reduction of 2,4-D and TDZ levels to 4.52 µM and 2.89 µM respectively, induced granular and yellowish embryogenic material. Thus, Chée and Pool (1987) (CP) enriched with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D and 2.89 µM of TDZ revealed to be the most appropriate for long-term maintenance. In fact, all the cultivars presented high and regular embryo maturation rates after 12, 24, 36 and 48 months of cultivation on this medium, under light conditions. After 4 years, they still exhibit high germination and regeneration abilities. Germination of somatic embryos was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal-medium, with rates ranging from 69% to 96%. Only 5% of somatic embryos were concerned by morphological variations. The regenerated plantlets presented a normal phenotype under controlled greenhouse conditions, compared to mother plants.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoElectronic Journal of Biotechnology v.12 n.2 20092009-04-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000200006en10.4067/S0717-34582009000200006
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	forced anthers long-term maintenance somatic embryos Vitis vinifera
spellingShingle	forced anthers long-term maintenance somatic embryos Vitis vinifera Bouamama,Badra Jardak,Rahma Salem,Asma Ben Ghorbel,Abdelwahed Mliki,Ahmed Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
description	The preservation of embryogenic lines derived from several endangered local grapevine cultivars was studied. Embryogenic calluses were obtained from immature anthers of eight cultivars, sampled on both fruity-cuttings and field grown vines. Anthers at the 'separated flower' stage, derived from fruity-cuttings, resulted in an increased induction of somatic embryogenesis, compared to those derived from the field. Pro-embryogenic calluses were induced on Chée and Pool (1987) basal medium, supplemented with 9 µM of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 11.35 µM of thidiazuron (TDZ) under dark conditions. Different anther zones (filament, abaxial, adaxial, lateral zones and entire anthers) were involved in somatic embryogenesis induction. The percentages of granular and yellowish pro-embryogenic calluses ranged between 15.6% and 34.8% in 'Kahli Kerkennah' and 'Muscat Raf-raf' cultivars, respectively. Although, morphological diversifications of pro-embryogenic calluses (several necrosis and spontaneous maturation) were observed on the induction mediumafter 5 subcultures. The reduction of 2,4-D and TDZ levels to 4.52 µM and 2.89 µM respectively, induced granular and yellowish embryogenic material. Thus, Chée and Pool (1987) (CP) enriched with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D and 2.89 µM of TDZ revealed to be the most appropriate for long-term maintenance. In fact, all the cultivars presented high and regular embryo maturation rates after 12, 24, 36 and 48 months of cultivation on this medium, under light conditions. After 4 years, they still exhibit high germination and regeneration abilities. Germination of somatic embryos was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal-medium, with rates ranging from 69% to 96%. Only 5% of somatic embryos were concerned by morphological variations. The regenerated plantlets presented a normal phenotype under controlled greenhouse conditions, compared to mother plants.
author	Bouamama,Badra Jardak,Rahma Salem,Asma Ben Ghorbel,Abdelwahed Mliki,Ahmed
author_facet	Bouamama,Badra Jardak,Rahma Salem,Asma Ben Ghorbel,Abdelwahed Mliki,Ahmed
author_sort	Bouamama,Badra
title	Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
title_short	Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
title_full	Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
title_fullStr	Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
title_full_unstemmed	Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
title_sort	preservation of endangered tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures
publisher	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
publishDate	2009
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582009000200006
work_keys_str_mv	AT bouamamabadra preservationofendangeredtunisiangrapevinecultivarsusingembryogeniccultures AT jardakrahma preservationofendangeredtunisiangrapevinecultivarsusingembryogeniccultures AT salemasmaben preservationofendangeredtunisiangrapevinecultivarsusingembryogeniccultures AT ghorbelabdelwahed preservationofendangeredtunisiangrapevinecultivarsusingembryogeniccultures AT mlikiahmed preservationofendangeredtunisiangrapevinecultivarsusingembryogeniccultures
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Preservation of endangered Tunisian grapevine cultivars using embryogenic cultures

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