NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE

The Lakes Region of Chile produces 60% of the country's milk and 45% of its meat. Production is expected to increase in the near future, yet there are few data on the environmental impact of local livestock systems. A field experiment was carried out during 2004 to measure nitrogen (N) runoff a...

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Autores principales:	Alfaro,Marta, Salaza,Francisco, Iraira,Sergio, Teuber,Nolberto, Ramírez,Luis
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción 2005
Materias:	Andisol ammonium nitrate livestock production
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432005000200008
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-664320050002000082006-03-22NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILEAlfaro,MartaSalaza,FranciscoIraira,SergioTeuber,NolbertoRamírez,Luis Andisol ammonium nitrate livestock production The Lakes Region of Chile produces 60% of the country's milk and 45% of its meat. Production is expected to increase in the near future, yet there are few data on the environmental impact of local livestock systems. A field experiment was carried out during 2004 to measure nitrogen (N) runoff and leaching losses in beef cattle-grazing production systems near Osorno. Grazing was carried out with Holstein-Friesian steers of 220 kg of initial live weight, with stocking rates of 3.5 and 5 steers ha-1. Water samples were collected during 6.5 months with surface lysimeters and ceramic cups, and were analyzed for nitrate and ammonium. Total losses were calculated as the product of N concentration and accumulated drainage at each sampling date. A significant difference in the total N loss was found between the two treatments (11.1 and 29.9 kg N ha-1, respectively; P < 0.05). The main pathway of N loss was leaching, which contributed 99% of the total N loss. Nitrate was the main form of N loss in runoff (71%) and leaching (99%). Average nitrate concentration in leaching samples was always below the European Community Directive limit. However, nitrate concentration in runoff samples had maximum values of 116 ± 13.8 and 82 ± 22.4 mg L-1 for the 3.5 and 5 steers ha-1 treatments, respectively. For the experimental conditions tested, N losses from beef cattle production systems were low. This was related to the low N inputs in fertilizers used and to the physical and chemical properties of the volcanic soilsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de ConcepciónGayana. Botánica v.62 n.2 20052005-01-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432005000200008en10.4067/S0717-66432005000200008
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Andisol ammonium nitrate livestock production
spellingShingle	Andisol ammonium nitrate livestock production Alfaro,Marta Salaza,Francisco Iraira,Sergio Teuber,Nolberto Ramírez,Luis NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
description	The Lakes Region of Chile produces 60% of the country's milk and 45% of its meat. Production is expected to increase in the near future, yet there are few data on the environmental impact of local livestock systems. A field experiment was carried out during 2004 to measure nitrogen (N) runoff and leaching losses in beef cattle-grazing production systems near Osorno. Grazing was carried out with Holstein-Friesian steers of 220 kg of initial live weight, with stocking rates of 3.5 and 5 steers ha-1. Water samples were collected during 6.5 months with surface lysimeters and ceramic cups, and were analyzed for nitrate and ammonium. Total losses were calculated as the product of N concentration and accumulated drainage at each sampling date. A significant difference in the total N loss was found between the two treatments (11.1 and 29.9 kg N ha-1, respectively; P < 0.05). The main pathway of N loss was leaching, which contributed 99% of the total N loss. Nitrate was the main form of N loss in runoff (71%) and leaching (99%). Average nitrate concentration in leaching samples was always below the European Community Directive limit. However, nitrate concentration in runoff samples had maximum values of 116 ± 13.8 and 82 ± 22.4 mg L-1 for the 3.5 and 5 steers ha-1 treatments, respectively. For the experimental conditions tested, N losses from beef cattle production systems were low. This was related to the low N inputs in fertilizers used and to the physical and chemical properties of the volcanic soils
author	Alfaro,Marta Salaza,Francisco Iraira,Sergio Teuber,Nolberto Ramírez,Luis
author_facet	Alfaro,Marta Salaza,Francisco Iraira,Sergio Teuber,Nolberto Ramírez,Luis
author_sort	Alfaro,Marta
title	NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
title_short	NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
title_full	NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
title_fullStr	NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
title_full_unstemmed	NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE
title_sort	nitrogen runoff and leaching losses in beef production systems under two different stocking rates in southern chile
publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción
publishDate	2005
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432005000200008
work_keys_str_mv	AT alfaromarta nitrogenrunoffandleachinglossesinbeefproductionsystemsundertwodifferentstockingratesinsouthernchile AT salazafrancisco nitrogenrunoffandleachinglossesinbeefproductionsystemsundertwodifferentstockingratesinsouthernchile AT irairasergio nitrogenrunoffandleachinglossesinbeefproductionsystemsundertwodifferentstockingratesinsouthernchile AT teubernolberto nitrogenrunoffandleachinglossesinbeefproductionsystemsundertwodifferentstockingratesinsouthernchile AT ramirezluis nitrogenrunoffandleachinglossesinbeefproductionsystemsundertwodifferentstockingratesinsouthernchile
_version_	1718442222984101888

NITROGEN RUNOFF AND LEACHING LOSSES IN BEEF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS UNDER TWO DIFFERENT STOCKING RATES IN SOUTHERN CHILE

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