Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.

The "murtilla" (Ugni molinae Turcz., Myrtaceae), present in Contulmo Natural Monument (Araucanía Region, Chile), is affected by witches'broom disease, caused by the presence of a phytoplasma in the sieve tubes of the phloem. This phytoplasma affects plants morphoanatomically, producin...

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Autores principales:	ATALA,CRISTIAN, MOYA-URRUTIA,VICTORIA
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción 2014
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432014000100005
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-664320140001000052015-11-13Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.ATALA,CRISTIANMOYA-URRUTIA,VICTORIA The "murtilla" (Ugni molinae Turcz., Myrtaceae), present in Contulmo Natural Monument (Araucanía Region, Chile), is affected by witches'broom disease, caused by the presence of a phytoplasma in the sieve tubes of the phloem. This phytoplasma affects plants morphoanatomically, producing evident symptoms. Infected branches show reddening of leaves and general dwarfism. In the present study, we compared morphoanatomically and physiologically branches (modules) of murtilla with and without symptoms of witches'broom disease. This was done in order to quantitatively evaluate the actual effect of the infection on adult plants. We cut branches of similar age, with and without symptoms, where we measured fluorescence, chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, stem size, pith size, and vessel size and number. We also measured fruit traits in symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. We did not found differences in the Fv/Fm (maximun efficiency of the PSII) and total chlorophyll content between symptomatic and asymptomatic modules. However, symptomatic modules had lower pith area, vessel size, and leaf area, and dry weight than asymptomatic modules. Infected plants also had less fruits per plant and with less total soluble solutes (TSS) in the fruits compared to healthy plants, although average individual fruit weight was similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. Witches'broom disease affects the anatomy, morphology, and quality and quantity of fruits of murtilla plants. However, the disease does not seem to affect some physiological parameters. The murtilla in Chile has high economical potential as an edible fruit and in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Future studies should focus on the vector of the disease and the possible effects of the infection on other commercially-relevant traits.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de ConcepciónGayana. Botánica v.71 n.1 20142014-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432014000100005en10.4067/S0717-66432014000100005
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
description	The "murtilla" (Ugni molinae Turcz., Myrtaceae), present in Contulmo Natural Monument (Araucanía Region, Chile), is affected by witches'broom disease, caused by the presence of a phytoplasma in the sieve tubes of the phloem. This phytoplasma affects plants morphoanatomically, producing evident symptoms. Infected branches show reddening of leaves and general dwarfism. In the present study, we compared morphoanatomically and physiologically branches (modules) of murtilla with and without symptoms of witches'broom disease. This was done in order to quantitatively evaluate the actual effect of the infection on adult plants. We cut branches of similar age, with and without symptoms, where we measured fluorescence, chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, stem size, pith size, and vessel size and number. We also measured fruit traits in symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. We did not found differences in the Fv/Fm (maximun efficiency of the PSII) and total chlorophyll content between symptomatic and asymptomatic modules. However, symptomatic modules had lower pith area, vessel size, and leaf area, and dry weight than asymptomatic modules. Infected plants also had less fruits per plant and with less total soluble solutes (TSS) in the fruits compared to healthy plants, although average individual fruit weight was similar between symptomatic and asymptomatic plants. Witches'broom disease affects the anatomy, morphology, and quality and quantity of fruits of murtilla plants. However, the disease does not seem to affect some physiological parameters. The murtilla in Chile has high economical potential as an edible fruit and in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Future studies should focus on the vector of the disease and the possible effects of the infection on other commercially-relevant traits.
author	ATALA,CRISTIAN MOYA-URRUTIA,VICTORIA
spellingShingle	ATALA,CRISTIAN MOYA-URRUTIA,VICTORIA Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
author_facet	ATALA,CRISTIAN MOYA-URRUTIA,VICTORIA
author_sort	ATALA,CRISTIAN
title	Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
title_short	Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
title_full	Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
title_fullStr	Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
title_full_unstemmed	Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.
title_sort	phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in ugni molinae turcz.
publisher	Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción
publishDate	2014
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432014000100005
work_keys_str_mv	AT atalacristian phytoplasmainfectionaltersmorphoanatomicalandphysiologicaltraitsinugnimolinaeturcz AT moyaurrutiavictoria phytoplasmainfectionaltersmorphoanatomicalandphysiologicaltraitsinugnimolinaeturcz
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Phytoplasma infection alters morpho-anatomical and physiological traits in Ugni molinae Turcz.

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