NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE

The region of San Pedro de Atacama, Northern Chile, has undergone several cultural and social changes after humans settled in Atacama Desert around 500 BC. The Atacameño people experienced the highest degree of social and cultural changes between 400 and 900 AD when they were assimilated into the Ti...

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Autores principales:	Tótora da-Gloria,Pedro José, Alves Neves,Walter, Costa Junqueira,Maria Antonietta, Bartolomucci,Rafael
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Universidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Departamento de Antropología 2011
Materias:	Atacama Desert bioarchaeology biological quality of life Tiwanaku epidemiology
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-73562011000100013
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-735620110001000132012-07-23NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILETótora da-Gloria,Pedro JoséAlves Neves,WalterCosta Junqueira,Maria AntoniettaBartolomucci,Rafael Atacama Desert bioarchaeology biological quality of life Tiwanaku epidemiology The region of San Pedro de Atacama, Northern Chile, has undergone several cultural and social changes after humans settled in Atacama Desert around 500 BC. The Atacameño people experienced the highest degree of social and cultural changes between 400 and 900 AD when they were assimilated into the Tiwanaku trade and political web that influenced most of the Central-Southern Andes. Under the influence of Tiwanaku, San Pedro de Atacama experienced its greatest economic development. Prior analyses of local human skeletal remains have shown a significant increase in the stature of the local population during the same period. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the Tiwanaku influence on the local epidemiological profile using the incidence of periostitis and osteomyelitis as indicators of biological stress. Surprisingly, the best epidemiological condition occurred during the final phase of influence of Tiwanaku (910-960 AD), and not during the apex influence (480-920 AD), as expected by the archaeological context. We suggest that population growth and aggregation may have counteracted the benefits of improved nutrition during the peak Tiwanaku influence. A severe drought occurred between 1,100 and 1,400 AD in Northern Chile. This could also explain the marked increase of bone infections in the post-Tiwanaku period (920-1,240 AD).info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessUniversidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Departamento de AntropologíaChungará (Arica) v.43 n.1 20112011-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-73562011000100013en10.4067/S0717-73562011000100013
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Atacama Desert bioarchaeology biological quality of life Tiwanaku epidemiology
spellingShingle	Atacama Desert bioarchaeology biological quality of life Tiwanaku epidemiology Tótora da-Gloria,Pedro José Alves Neves,Walter Costa Junqueira,Maria Antonietta Bartolomucci,Rafael NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
description	The region of San Pedro de Atacama, Northern Chile, has undergone several cultural and social changes after humans settled in Atacama Desert around 500 BC. The Atacameño people experienced the highest degree of social and cultural changes between 400 and 900 AD when they were assimilated into the Tiwanaku trade and political web that influenced most of the Central-Southern Andes. Under the influence of Tiwanaku, San Pedro de Atacama experienced its greatest economic development. Prior analyses of local human skeletal remains have shown a significant increase in the stature of the local population during the same period. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the Tiwanaku influence on the local epidemiological profile using the incidence of periostitis and osteomyelitis as indicators of biological stress. Surprisingly, the best epidemiological condition occurred during the final phase of influence of Tiwanaku (910-960 AD), and not during the apex influence (480-920 AD), as expected by the archaeological context. We suggest that population growth and aggregation may have counteracted the benefits of improved nutrition during the peak Tiwanaku influence. A severe drought occurred between 1,100 and 1,400 AD in Northern Chile. This could also explain the marked increase of bone infections in the post-Tiwanaku period (920-1,240 AD).
author	Tótora da-Gloria,Pedro José Alves Neves,Walter Costa Junqueira,Maria Antonietta Bartolomucci,Rafael
author_facet	Tótora da-Gloria,Pedro José Alves Neves,Walter Costa Junqueira,Maria Antonietta Bartolomucci,Rafael
author_sort	Tótora da-Gloria,Pedro José
title	NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
title_short	NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
title_full	NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
title_fullStr	NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
title_full_unstemmed	NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE
title_sort	nonspecific infectious diseases in prehistoric san pedro de atacama, northern chile
publisher	Universidad de Tarapacá. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Departamento de Antropología
publishDate	2011
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-73562011000100013
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_version_	1718443401238544384

NONSPECIFIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN PREHISTORIC SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA, NORTHERN CHILE

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