The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb

This paper provides data (text and illustrations) about the digital flexor muscles of the pelvic limb and the / metatarsophalangeal joint, evaluating the suspensory (support) apparatus and weight bearing structures. Similar to the above mentioned paper, a literature search provided incomplete inform...

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Autores principales:	Constantinescu,Gheorghe Mircea, Reed,Shannon Kelly, Constantinescu,Ileana Anghelina
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía 2008
Materias:	Digital flexor muscles Fetlock joints Suspensory/stay apparatus Pelvic limb Lama glama
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000300007
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-950220080003000072009-03-13The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic LimbConstantinescu,Gheorghe MirceaReed,Shannon KellyConstantinescu,Ileana Anghelina Digital flexor muscles Fetlock joints Suspensory/stay apparatus Pelvic limb Lama glama This paper provides data (text and illustrations) about the digital flexor muscles of the pelvic limb and the / metatarsophalangeal joint, evaluating the suspensory (support) apparatus and weight bearing structures. Similar to the above mentioned paper, a literature search provided incomplete information about these anatomical structures. As in the thoracic limb, unique anatomically variations exist in the pelvic limb of the llama. The caudal tibial muscle is fused with the lateral head of the deep digital flexor muscle (DDF), and the soleus muscle is missing. A symmetrical unexpected lumbricalis pedis muscle was found; the tendons are fusing with the axial branches of the lateral tendon of the long digital extensor muscle. A quadratus plantae muscle, also unexpected is present on the medial aspect of the tarsal región. The superficial digital flexor muscle (SDF) resembles that of the domestic ruminants. The metacarpo/ metatarsophalangeal joints, referred to as the fetlock joints (FJ) are very different from those of the domestic ruminants. Particular structures were found and they will be described and illustrated in the text. The anatomy of the suspensory (support) apparatus in the pelvic limb is evaluated in this paper.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Chilena de AnatomíaInternational Journal of Morphology v.26 n.3 20082008-09-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000300007en10.4067/S0717-95022008000300007
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Digital flexor muscles Fetlock joints Suspensory/stay apparatus Pelvic limb Lama glama
spellingShingle	Digital flexor muscles Fetlock joints Suspensory/stay apparatus Pelvic limb Lama glama Constantinescu,Gheorghe Mircea Reed,Shannon Kelly Constantinescu,Ileana Anghelina The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
description	This paper provides data (text and illustrations) about the digital flexor muscles of the pelvic limb and the / metatarsophalangeal joint, evaluating the suspensory (support) apparatus and weight bearing structures. Similar to the above mentioned paper, a literature search provided incomplete information about these anatomical structures. As in the thoracic limb, unique anatomically variations exist in the pelvic limb of the llama. The caudal tibial muscle is fused with the lateral head of the deep digital flexor muscle (DDF), and the soleus muscle is missing. A symmetrical unexpected lumbricalis pedis muscle was found; the tendons are fusing with the axial branches of the lateral tendon of the long digital extensor muscle. A quadratus plantae muscle, also unexpected is present on the medial aspect of the tarsal región. The superficial digital flexor muscle (SDF) resembles that of the domestic ruminants. The metacarpo/ metatarsophalangeal joints, referred to as the fetlock joints (FJ) are very different from those of the domestic ruminants. Particular structures were found and they will be described and illustrated in the text. The anatomy of the suspensory (support) apparatus in the pelvic limb is evaluated in this paper.
author	Constantinescu,Gheorghe Mircea Reed,Shannon Kelly Constantinescu,Ileana Anghelina
author_facet	Constantinescu,Gheorghe Mircea Reed,Shannon Kelly Constantinescu,Ileana Anghelina
author_sort	Constantinescu,Gheorghe Mircea
title	The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
title_short	The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
title_full	The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
title_fullStr	The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
title_full_unstemmed	The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb
title_sort	suspensory apparatus and digital flexor muscles of the llama (lama glama) 2: the pelvic limb
publisher	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía
publishDate	2008
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000300007
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The Suspensory Apparatus and Digital Flexor Muscles of the Llama (Lama glama) 2: The Pelvic Limb

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