Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra

A sacrum with five pairs of foramina is an anatomical variant resulting from sacralisation of lumbar vertebra at cranial end or sacralisation of coccyx vertebra at caudal end. An unusual gross variation nurtures interest of anatomists and causes concern for clinicians when it mimics pathology. A sac...

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Autor principal:	Singh,Rajani
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía 2014
Materias:	Caudal block Coccyx Sacral foramen Sacrum Vertebra
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000100021
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-950220140001000212015-11-13Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry SacraSingh,Rajani Caudal block Coccyx Sacral foramen Sacrum Vertebra A sacrum with five pairs of foramina is an anatomical variant resulting from sacralisation of lumbar vertebra at cranial end or sacralisation of coccyx vertebra at caudal end. An unusual gross variation nurtures interest of anatomists and causes concern for clinicians when it mimics pathology. A sacrum with fifth anomalous pair of sacral foramina has been observed which prompted the author to examine the available sacra in the osteology lab of Department of Anatomy KG Medical University Lucknow, UP, India. Of the total sixty six observed sacra, those with five pairs of sacral foramina due to sacralisation of lumbar vertebra were found in eleven cases (16.6%) while those due to sacralisation of coccygeal vertebra were observed in nine cases (13.6%). These sacralisations were classified in five categories to systematise the anatomical study, causes and clinical complications. Sacralisation of lumbar vertebra may compress the fifth sacral nerve causing sciatica and back pain. It may also cause herniation of disc above sacralisation. Sacralisation of coccygeal vertebra may influence the caudal block anaesthesia in surgical procedures and also results in prolonged second stage of labor and perineal tears.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Chilena de AnatomíaInternational Journal of Morphology v.32 n.1 20142014-03-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000100021en10.4067/S0717-95022014000100021
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Caudal block Coccyx Sacral foramen Sacrum Vertebra
spellingShingle	Caudal block Coccyx Sacral foramen Sacrum Vertebra Singh,Rajani Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
description	A sacrum with five pairs of foramina is an anatomical variant resulting from sacralisation of lumbar vertebra at cranial end or sacralisation of coccyx vertebra at caudal end. An unusual gross variation nurtures interest of anatomists and causes concern for clinicians when it mimics pathology. A sacrum with fifth anomalous pair of sacral foramina has been observed which prompted the author to examine the available sacra in the osteology lab of Department of Anatomy KG Medical University Lucknow, UP, India. Of the total sixty six observed sacra, those with five pairs of sacral foramina due to sacralisation of lumbar vertebra were found in eleven cases (16.6%) while those due to sacralisation of coccygeal vertebra were observed in nine cases (13.6%). These sacralisations were classified in five categories to systematise the anatomical study, causes and clinical complications. Sacralisation of lumbar vertebra may compress the fifth sacral nerve causing sciatica and back pain. It may also cause herniation of disc above sacralisation. Sacralisation of coccygeal vertebra may influence the caudal block anaesthesia in surgical procedures and also results in prolonged second stage of labor and perineal tears.
author	Singh,Rajani
author_facet	Singh,Rajani
author_sort	Singh,Rajani
title	Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
title_short	Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
title_full	Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
title_fullStr	Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
title_full_unstemmed	Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra
title_sort	classification and analysis of fifth pair of sacral foramina in indian dry sacra
publisher	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía
publishDate	2014
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000100021
work_keys_str_mv	AT singhrajani classificationandanalysisoffifthpairofsacralforaminainindiandrysacra
_version_	1718444856923127808

Classification and Analysis of Fifth Pair of Sacral Foramina in Indian Dry Sacra

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