Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period

Understanding normal fetal growth rates of the vertebral column, and between species, provide a basis to establish reference values for evaluation of body development and estimation of fetal age by ultrasonography. Goats are also widely used in biomedical perinatal research and are still considered...

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Autores principales:	Nourinezhad,Jamal, Bamohabat,Saleh, Mazaheri,Yazdan, Khazaeel,Kaveh
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía 2017
Materias:	Segmental growth Vertebrae Morphometrics Goat fetus Prenatal development
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000200020
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-950220170002000202017-08-07Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal PeriodNourinezhad,JamalBamohabat,SalehMazaheri,YazdanKhazaeel,Kaveh Segmental growth Vertebrae Morphometrics Goat fetus Prenatal development Understanding normal fetal growth rates of the vertebral column, and between species, provide a basis to establish reference values for evaluation of body development and estimation of fetal age by ultrasonography. Goats are also widely used in biomedical perinatal research and are still considered a key to understanding the skeletal development. This study was carried out to clarify growth of length of vertebral column at segmental, regional, and total level of vertebral column in the fetal goats during different gestational age. The length of each vertebral segment of 25 goat fetuses, aged between 6 and 20 weeks were measured for each vertebra using a digital caliper. Our study demonstrated differences among various fetal ages in terms of regional, segmental, and total growth rate of the length of vertebral segments. With increase of fetal age, the relative length of vertebral segments of cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions diminished, whereas sacral and caudal regions increased in relative length. The thoracic vertebrae were the longest followed by cervical, lumbar, caudal, and sacral regions except at the oldest fetuses where caudal region became longer than lumbar region. Although the longest and shortest vertebral segments in cervical and lumbar regions were consistent among age groups, the trend of segmental growth of the vertebral regions was variable. Based on these detailed findings, the relative regional lengths of vertebral column were essentially different among fetal goats, humans, and neonatal rats. There is also a general trend of increasing segmental and regional initial growth and there is a relatively significant increase in growth rate caudally along the column during fetal period. This research yield important results that may be also useful for future orthopedic studies that contemplate the use of goat as a new model for the human spine.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Chilena de AnatomíaInternational Journal of Morphology v.35 n.2 20172017-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000200020en10.4067/S0717-95022017000200020
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Segmental growth Vertebrae Morphometrics Goat fetus Prenatal development
spellingShingle	Segmental growth Vertebrae Morphometrics Goat fetus Prenatal development Nourinezhad,Jamal Bamohabat,Saleh Mazaheri,Yazdan Khazaeel,Kaveh Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
description	Understanding normal fetal growth rates of the vertebral column, and between species, provide a basis to establish reference values for evaluation of body development and estimation of fetal age by ultrasonography. Goats are also widely used in biomedical perinatal research and are still considered a key to understanding the skeletal development. This study was carried out to clarify growth of length of vertebral column at segmental, regional, and total level of vertebral column in the fetal goats during different gestational age. The length of each vertebral segment of 25 goat fetuses, aged between 6 and 20 weeks were measured for each vertebra using a digital caliper. Our study demonstrated differences among various fetal ages in terms of regional, segmental, and total growth rate of the length of vertebral segments. With increase of fetal age, the relative length of vertebral segments of cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions diminished, whereas sacral and caudal regions increased in relative length. The thoracic vertebrae were the longest followed by cervical, lumbar, caudal, and sacral regions except at the oldest fetuses where caudal region became longer than lumbar region. Although the longest and shortest vertebral segments in cervical and lumbar regions were consistent among age groups, the trend of segmental growth of the vertebral regions was variable. Based on these detailed findings, the relative regional lengths of vertebral column were essentially different among fetal goats, humans, and neonatal rats. There is also a general trend of increasing segmental and regional initial growth and there is a relatively significant increase in growth rate caudally along the column during fetal period. This research yield important results that may be also useful for future orthopedic studies that contemplate the use of goat as a new model for the human spine.
author	Nourinezhad,Jamal Bamohabat,Saleh Mazaheri,Yazdan Khazaeel,Kaveh
author_facet	Nourinezhad,Jamal Bamohabat,Saleh Mazaheri,Yazdan Khazaeel,Kaveh
author_sort	Nourinezhad,Jamal
title	Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
title_short	Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
title_full	Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
title_fullStr	Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
title_full_unstemmed	Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period
title_sort	morphometric development of the vertebral segments of the vertebral column in the goat (capra hircus) during the fetal period
publisher	Sociedad Chilena de Anatomía
publishDate	2017
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000200020
work_keys_str_mv	AT nourinezhadjamal morphometricdevelopmentofthevertebralsegmentsofthevertebralcolumninthegoatcaprahircusduringthefetalperiod AT bamohabatsaleh morphometricdevelopmentofthevertebralsegmentsofthevertebralcolumninthegoatcaprahircusduringthefetalperiod AT mazaheriyazdan morphometricdevelopmentofthevertebralsegmentsofthevertebralcolumninthegoatcaprahircusduringthefetalperiod AT khazaeelkaveh morphometricdevelopmentofthevertebralsegmentsofthevertebralcolumninthegoatcaprahircusduringthefetalperiod
_version_	1718445001921265664

Morphometric Development of the Vertebral Segments of the Vertebral Column in the Goat (Capra hircus) During the Fetal Period

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