CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE

ABSTRACT The population of Tarapacá, northern Chile, is supplied with drinking water of underground origin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical quality of water for human consumption in nine urban and rural locations and its compliance with current norms (temperature, salinity,...

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Autores principales:	Herrera,Venecia, Carrasco,Cristian, Araneda,Paola, Sandoval,Juan M
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Sociedad Chilena de Química 2019
Materias:	water chemistry quality geochemistry stability indexes regulations
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072019000204421
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0717-970720190002044212019-10-11CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILEHerrera,VeneciaCarrasco,CristianAraneda,PaolaSandoval,Juan M water chemistry quality geochemistry stability indexes regulations ABSTRACT The population of Tarapacá, northern Chile, is supplied with drinking water of underground origin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical quality of water for human consumption in nine urban and rural locations and its compliance with current norms (temperature, salinity, alkalinity, dissolved majority ions, As and B). Geochemical classifications were deduced to consider the origin and relationships between waters. Moreover, five water stability indicators were evaluated to estimate potential corrositivity (B/Cl− ratio, Cl−/SO42− ratio and Larson ratio) and calcareous inlays formation (Langelier Saturation Index and Ryzman Stability Index). The samples analyzed were determined had mild temperatures, slightly alkaline, with a wide range of values of salinity (74.7 − 1287 mg L−1). The hydrogeochemical results confirmed four water types: Na+/HCO3−-Cl−-SO42−, N+/SO42−, Na+-Ca2+/SO42−, and Na+-Ca2+/Cl−-SO42−. The 168 samples reached 100% of the degree of compliance of NCh409, except in the wells of Colonia Pintados, where As concentration exceeded 13 to 30 times the norm. Sulphate and B exceeded international standards. The water taste deterioration can be attributed to high concentrations of SO42−, Cl−, Ca2+, and B. Finally, water stability indexes determined the capacity for severe corrosively potential and formation of light calcareous deposits. The internal regulations of the country must harmonize and admit substances suggested by the WHO.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedad Chilena de QuímicaJournal of the Chilean Chemical Society v.64 n.2 20192019-06-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072019000204421en10.4067/S0717-97072019000204421
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	water chemistry quality geochemistry stability indexes regulations
spellingShingle	water chemistry quality geochemistry stability indexes regulations Herrera,Venecia Carrasco,Cristian Araneda,Paola Sandoval,Juan M CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
description	ABSTRACT The population of Tarapacá, northern Chile, is supplied with drinking water of underground origin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical quality of water for human consumption in nine urban and rural locations and its compliance with current norms (temperature, salinity, alkalinity, dissolved majority ions, As and B). Geochemical classifications were deduced to consider the origin and relationships between waters. Moreover, five water stability indicators were evaluated to estimate potential corrositivity (B/Cl− ratio, Cl−/SO42− ratio and Larson ratio) and calcareous inlays formation (Langelier Saturation Index and Ryzman Stability Index). The samples analyzed were determined had mild temperatures, slightly alkaline, with a wide range of values of salinity (74.7 − 1287 mg L−1). The hydrogeochemical results confirmed four water types: Na+/HCO3−-Cl−-SO42−, N+/SO42−, Na+-Ca2+/SO42−, and Na+-Ca2+/Cl−-SO42−. The 168 samples reached 100% of the degree of compliance of NCh409, except in the wells of Colonia Pintados, where As concentration exceeded 13 to 30 times the norm. Sulphate and B exceeded international standards. The water taste deterioration can be attributed to high concentrations of SO42−, Cl−, Ca2+, and B. Finally, water stability indexes determined the capacity for severe corrosively potential and formation of light calcareous deposits. The internal regulations of the country must harmonize and admit substances suggested by the WHO.
author	Herrera,Venecia Carrasco,Cristian Araneda,Paola Sandoval,Juan M
author_facet	Herrera,Venecia Carrasco,Cristian Araneda,Paola Sandoval,Juan M
author_sort	Herrera,Venecia
title	CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
title_short	CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
title_full	CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
title_fullStr	CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
title_full_unstemmed	CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE
title_sort	chemical quality of urban and rural drinking water, in tarapaca, northern arid area of chile
publisher	Sociedad Chilena de Química
publishDate	2019
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072019000204421
work_keys_str_mv	AT herreravenecia chemicalqualityofurbanandruraldrinkingwaterintarapacanorthernaridareaofchile AT carrascocristian chemicalqualityofurbanandruraldrinkingwaterintarapacanorthernaridareaofchile AT aranedapaola chemicalqualityofurbanandruraldrinkingwaterintarapacanorthernaridareaofchile AT sandovaljuanm chemicalqualityofurbanandruraldrinkingwaterintarapacanorthernaridareaofchile
_version_	1714200937159983104

CHEMICAL QUALITY OF URBAN AND RURAL DRINKING WATER, IN TARAPACA, NORTHERN ARID AREA OF CHILE

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