Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile

ABSTRACT The sedimentary intertidal surfaces (tidal flats from here on) in coastal wetlands are globally recognized by their biological diversity and available ecosystem services. In Chile, these environments are mainly distributed between 30 and 41°S and associated with micro-tidal estuaries. The e...

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Autores principales:	Manzano-Castillo,Mario, Jaramillo-Lopétegui,Eduardo, Pino-Quivira,Mario
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Facultad de Recursos Naturales. Escuela de Ciencias del Mar 2020
Materias:	estuarine wetlands sedimentary tidal flats sediment texture southern Chile
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2020000400662
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-560X20200004006622020-09-23Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, ChileManzano-Castillo,MarioJaramillo-Lopétegui,EduardoPino-Quivira,Mario estuarine wetlands sedimentary tidal flats sediment texture southern Chile ABSTRACT The sedimentary intertidal surfaces (tidal flats from here on) in coastal wetlands are globally recognized by their biological diversity and available ecosystem services. In Chile, these environments are mainly distributed between 30 and 41°S and associated with micro-tidal estuaries. The estuarine Cruces River Wetland (CRW) was formed by tectonic subsidence caused by the giant 9.5 MW Valdivia earthquake in May 1960. The CRW is characterized by relatively uniform water quality conditions and tidal ranges and a significant increase of discharge and elevation of the water table concurrent with intense winter precipitations. The present study focuses on the presence and distribution of tidal flats in the CRW. It evaluates the spatio-temporal variability (April vs. December 2016) of texture and geochemical parameters (pH and ORP (oxidation/reduction potential, ORP)) of surface sediments in six particular tidal flats located along the main channel of the Cruces River. Most of the tidal flats are located in the northern and southern sectors of the CRW. Those located in the middle and southern sectors of the study area exhibit denser coverage with vestigial tree trunks that evidence the former presence of marsh forests along the flooded shores. The texture of the studied sediments is dominated by sand (0.063-2 mm), followed by mud grain size fractions (<0.063 mm). The mud fraction is the only grain size showing significant differences between the studied tidal flats. Both the pH and ORP values vary significantly between sites and sampling periods. In general, ORP values were lower or negative in samples with higher mud and total organic matter contents collected mainly during both sampling times. These results set the first baseline for textural and basic geochemical characteristics of surface sediments from tidal flats in the Cruces River wetland. The database provides a primary tool for evaluating potential effects of possible alterations along the margins of the wetland, which is located in an area of the rapid development of forestry and industrial activities as well as urban expansion.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Facultad de Recursos Naturales. Escuela de Ciencias del MarLatin american journal of aquatic research v.48 n.4 20202020-09-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2020000400662en10.3856/vol48-issue4-fulltext-2381
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	estuarine wetlands sedimentary tidal flats sediment texture southern Chile
spellingShingle	estuarine wetlands sedimentary tidal flats sediment texture southern Chile Manzano-Castillo,Mario Jaramillo-Lopétegui,Eduardo Pino-Quivira,Mario Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
description	ABSTRACT The sedimentary intertidal surfaces (tidal flats from here on) in coastal wetlands are globally recognized by their biological diversity and available ecosystem services. In Chile, these environments are mainly distributed between 30 and 41°S and associated with micro-tidal estuaries. The estuarine Cruces River Wetland (CRW) was formed by tectonic subsidence caused by the giant 9.5 MW Valdivia earthquake in May 1960. The CRW is characterized by relatively uniform water quality conditions and tidal ranges and a significant increase of discharge and elevation of the water table concurrent with intense winter precipitations. The present study focuses on the presence and distribution of tidal flats in the CRW. It evaluates the spatio-temporal variability (April vs. December 2016) of texture and geochemical parameters (pH and ORP (oxidation/reduction potential, ORP)) of surface sediments in six particular tidal flats located along the main channel of the Cruces River. Most of the tidal flats are located in the northern and southern sectors of the CRW. Those located in the middle and southern sectors of the study area exhibit denser coverage with vestigial tree trunks that evidence the former presence of marsh forests along the flooded shores. The texture of the studied sediments is dominated by sand (0.063-2 mm), followed by mud grain size fractions (<0.063 mm). The mud fraction is the only grain size showing significant differences between the studied tidal flats. Both the pH and ORP values vary significantly between sites and sampling periods. In general, ORP values were lower or negative in samples with higher mud and total organic matter contents collected mainly during both sampling times. These results set the first baseline for textural and basic geochemical characteristics of surface sediments from tidal flats in the Cruces River wetland. The database provides a primary tool for evaluating potential effects of possible alterations along the margins of the wetland, which is located in an area of the rapid development of forestry and industrial activities as well as urban expansion.
author	Manzano-Castillo,Mario Jaramillo-Lopétegui,Eduardo Pino-Quivira,Mario
author_facet	Manzano-Castillo,Mario Jaramillo-Lopétegui,Eduardo Pino-Quivira,Mario
author_sort	Manzano-Castillo,Mario
title	Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
title_short	Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
title_full	Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
title_fullStr	Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
title_full_unstemmed	Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile
title_sort	tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine cruces river wetland, chile
publisher	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Facultad de Recursos Naturales. Escuela de Ciencias del Mar
publishDate	2020
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2020000400662
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Tidal flats of recent origin: distribution and sedimentological characterization in the estuarine Cruces River wetland, Chile

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