The Panama Low-Level Jet: extension, annual cycle and modes of variation
ABSTRACT The Panama Low-Level Jet (PLLJ) is the inter-isthmic jet closest to the equator, whose activation modifies circulation, sea surface temperature, and climate in most Eastern Tropical Pacific off Colombia. Through analysis of 26 years (1992-2018) of sea wind data, the jet extent and its main...
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
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| Lenguaje: | English |
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Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Facultad de Recursos Naturales. Escuela de Ciencias del Mar
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2021000500750 |
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| Sumario: | ABSTRACT The Panama Low-Level Jet (PLLJ) is the inter-isthmic jet closest to the equator, whose activation modifies circulation, sea surface temperature, and climate in most Eastern Tropical Pacific off Colombia. Through analysis of 26 years (1992-2018) of sea wind data, the jet extent and its main frequencies of variability were determined, in addition to its relationship with phenomena of climatic variability. The area of direct influence of the jet was estimated to be 59,295.34 km², being located between 4°37'48" and 9°0'0"N. The PLLJ has activated annually from December to April with intense intra-seasonal variability (with frequencies between one to five months) and inter-annual perturbations associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. During warm ENSO events, the PLLJ activity lasts around two months more (from mid-November to the end of May), and its spatial extent increases southerly, reaching around 2°N. Additionally, during warm ENSO years, there is an extemporaneous activation of PLLJ in the boreal summer, possibly linked to the intensification of the North Trade Winds over the Caribbean basin in the middle of the year. The entry of Caribbean winds in unusual seasons changes the seasonal pattern of the PLLJ and increases its influence in the Eastern Tropical Pacific during the warm ENSO phases. |
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