Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide

A study was undertaken of the physical and chemical characteristics and insecticide properties of melia (Melia azedarach L.) (Meliaceae) fruit and leaves; melia has been introduced in Chile for ornamental purposes. The physical and chemical properties were evaluated in two stages of fruit and leaf m...

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Autores principales:	Chiffelle G,Italo, Huerta F,Amanda, Lizana R,Diego
Lenguaje:	English
Publicado:	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA 2009
Materias:	Chinaberry tree Meliaceae phenolic compounds
Acceso en línea:	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100005
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spelling	oai:scielo:S0718-583920090001000052018-10-01Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical InsecticideChiffelle G,ItaloHuerta F,AmandaLizana R,Diego Chinaberry tree Meliaceae phenolic compounds A study was undertaken of the physical and chemical characteristics and insecticide properties of melia (Melia azedarach L.) (Meliaceae) fruit and leaves; melia has been introduced in Chile for ornamental purposes. The physical and chemical properties were evaluated in two stages of fruit and leaf maturity, i.e., green /mature, and mature/juvenile, respectively. Laboratory bioassays were carried out on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as an insect model. The diameter of M. azedarach fruit was in the lower limit in relation to other studies. The flour obtained from green fruit had an average dry weight inferior to that of mature fruit. The average dry leaf weights were similar in both juvenile and mature states. The green fruits had 50% initial humidity, similar to juvenile (60%) and mature (57%) leaves, but greater than the mature fruits (44%). The chemical analysis of the fruit maturity stages determined a slight increase in crude fiber content as maturity increased. There was a decrease in the lipid content of leaves close to 60% at maturity. Furthermore, an analysis of polyphenols was made using HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector), and 14 compounds were identified as causes of the insecticidal effect of the M. azedarach fruit, of which three would correspond to flavonoids: one catechin and two kaempherols. Finally, the aqueous fruit and leaf extracts of M. azedarach were effective insecticides on D. melanogaster, reaching 90% mortality (125 000 mg kg-1) with juvenile leaves and 73.3% (10 700 mg kg-1) with green fruit.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAChilean journal of agricultural research v.69 n.1 20092009-03-01text/htmlhttp://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100005en10.4067/S0718-58392009000100005
institution	Scielo Chile
collection	Scielo Chile
language	English
topic	Chinaberry tree Meliaceae phenolic compounds
spellingShingle	Chinaberry tree Meliaceae phenolic compounds Chiffelle G,Italo Huerta F,Amanda Lizana R,Diego Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
description	A study was undertaken of the physical and chemical characteristics and insecticide properties of melia (Melia azedarach L.) (Meliaceae) fruit and leaves; melia has been introduced in Chile for ornamental purposes. The physical and chemical properties were evaluated in two stages of fruit and leaf maturity, i.e., green /mature, and mature/juvenile, respectively. Laboratory bioassays were carried out on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) as an insect model. The diameter of M. azedarach fruit was in the lower limit in relation to other studies. The flour obtained from green fruit had an average dry weight inferior to that of mature fruit. The average dry leaf weights were similar in both juvenile and mature states. The green fruits had 50% initial humidity, similar to juvenile (60%) and mature (57%) leaves, but greater than the mature fruits (44%). The chemical analysis of the fruit maturity stages determined a slight increase in crude fiber content as maturity increased. There was a decrease in the lipid content of leaves close to 60% at maturity. Furthermore, an analysis of polyphenols was made using HPLC-DAD (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector), and 14 compounds were identified as causes of the insecticidal effect of the M. azedarach fruit, of which three would correspond to flavonoids: one catechin and two kaempherols. Finally, the aqueous fruit and leaf extracts of M. azedarach were effective insecticides on D. melanogaster, reaching 90% mortality (125 000 mg kg-1) with juvenile leaves and 73.3% (10 700 mg kg-1) with green fruit.
author	Chiffelle G,Italo Huerta F,Amanda Lizana R,Diego
author_facet	Chiffelle G,Italo Huerta F,Amanda Lizana R,Diego
author_sort	Chiffelle G,Italo
title	Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
title_short	Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
title_full	Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
title_fullStr	Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
title_full_unstemmed	Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide
title_sort	physical and chemical characterization of melia azedarach l. fruit and leaf for use as botanical insecticide
publisher	Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA
publishDate	2009
url	http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000100005
work_keys_str_mv	AT chiffellegitalo physicalandchemicalcharacterizationofmeliaazedarachlfruitandleafforuseasbotanicalinsecticide AT huertafamanda physicalandchemicalcharacterizationofmeliaazedarachlfruitandleafforuseasbotanicalinsecticide AT lizanardiego physicalandchemicalcharacterizationofmeliaazedarachlfruitandleafforuseasbotanicalinsecticide
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Physical and Chemical Characterization of Melia azedarach L. Fruit and Leaf for Use as Botanical Insecticide

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